60 acast.com 63 Degrees North https://www.ntnu.edu/podcast en NTNU Biology,Climate science,Arctic research,polar regions ,Norway,Vikings,Carbon capture and storage,Svalbard,ecosystems,evolution,marine technology,marine biology,green energy,renewable energy,climate solutions NTNU

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]]> false NTNU info+6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0@mg-eu.acast.com 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 63-degrees-north episodic https://assets.pippa.io/shows/6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0/1738074420982-823096b9-b6d5-4425-99b9-901bea751dc5.jpeg https://www.ntnu.edu/podcast 63 Degrees North What babies can tell us – and why we need to listen What babies can tell us – and why we need to listen Sat, 27 Dec 2025 13:00:00 GMT 41:55 694e698644fae3e8029bb1eb false https://shows.acast.com/63-degrees-north/episodes/what-babies-can-tell-us-and-why-we-need-to-listen 694e698644fae3e8029bb1eb 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 what-babies-can-tell-us-and-why-we-need-to-listen Your baby knows a lot more than you think full 5 34 If you've ever seen an infant lying on its back, you've surely seen them endlessly waving their arms and legs in seemingly haphazard ways. And crying? To the uneducated eye and ear, it does all seem a little... unplanned. But from their earliest moments, infants actually cry in a way that suggests they're already learning the patterns of their mother's language while in the womb! And when you see them waving their arms around? They're actually deliberately trying to figure out what this thing is on the end of their arm, and how can they get it to do what they want?


The way babies move not only tells us loads about healthy infant development, but about whether things might not be quite right, especially when it comes to problems such as cerebral palsy.


Today's guests help us decode the meanings of these movements, why they matter, and what parents in particular need to know to help stimulate their babies' development in the best possible way.


Our first guest, Audrey van der Meer, a professor of neuropsychology, is interested in how an infant makes sense of the world, and how we can encourage that learning to give our children the best start. Our second guest, Lars Adde, has spent his entire career working with infants in neonatal intensive care units, and is pioneering new ways to speed the detection of cerebral palsy as early as possible.


You can read more about Audrey's work at the NuLab here, where you can also see a trailer for a Netflix series on babies in which Audrey is one of the experts for the episode called "Movement". You can also visit this page to see some of the lab's seminal publications.


Lars's collaboration with AI researchers, called DeepInMotion, is featured here. A three-minute video describing his research can be found here.The webpage for his startup, In-Motion Technologies, can be found here.


Here's a link to a transcript of the show.


If you've listened to the very end of this episode, you'll hear that this is the last ever episode of 63 Degrees North! Thanks to all of you listeners, and stay tuned! You never know where I might pop up next.


Questions, comments? Contact me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

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]]> If you've ever seen an infant lying on its back, you've surely seen them endlessly waving their arms and legs in seemingly haphazard ways. And crying? To the uneducated eye and ear, it does all seem a little... unplanned. But from their earliest moments, infants actually cry in a way that suggests they're already learning the patterns of their mother's language while in the womb! And when you see them waving their arms around? They're actually deliberately trying to figure out what this thing is on the end of their arm, and how can they get it to do what they want?


The way babies move not only tells us loads about healthy infant development, but about whether things might not be quite right, especially when it comes to problems such as cerebral palsy.


Today's guests help us decode the meanings of these movements, why they matter, and what parents in particular need to know to help stimulate their babies' development in the best possible way.


Our first guest, Audrey van der Meer, a professor of neuropsychology, is interested in how an infant makes sense of the world, and how we can encourage that learning to give our children the best start. Our second guest, Lars Adde, has spent his entire career working with infants in neonatal intensive care units, and is pioneering new ways to speed the detection of cerebral palsy as early as possible.


You can read more about Audrey's work at the NuLab here, where you can also see a trailer for a Netflix series on babies in which Audrey is one of the experts for the episode called "Movement". You can also visit this page to see some of the lab's seminal publications.


Lars's collaboration with AI researchers, called DeepInMotion, is featured here. A three-minute video describing his research can be found here.The webpage for his startup, In-Motion Technologies, can be found here.


Here's a link to a transcript of the show.


If you've listened to the very end of this episode, you'll hear that this is the last ever episode of 63 Degrees North! Thanks to all of you listeners, and stay tuned! You never know where I might pop up next.


Questions, comments? Contact me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

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]]> ENCORE: When the doctor is out ENCORE: When the doctor is out Thu, 18 Sep 2025 06:00:00 GMT 34:06 6874c976f8babe38ae3c3f41 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6874c976f8babe38ae3c3f41 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 encore-when-the-doctor-is-out Two European surgeons find a (unusual) way to help women in Sierra Leone full 5 33 ENCORE: This episode was first published in Oct. 2023. Sierra Leone used to be the most dangerous place in the world to give birth. Without enough doctors to do C-sections, women and babies were dying. But what if you didn't need a doctor?

This week, the story of two determined surgeons and a no-so radical idea that is saving lives in Sierra Leone — one emergency operation at a time.

You can read more about the non-profit organization the doctors created at capacare.org

Our guests on the show are Håkon Bolkan, Alex van Duinen and Emmanuel Tommy. You can download the episode transcript here:


Here are some of the articles discussed in the show:


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]]> ENCORE: This episode was first published in Oct. 2023. Sierra Leone used to be the most dangerous place in the world to give birth. Without enough doctors to do C-sections, women and babies were dying. But what if you didn't need a doctor?

This week, the story of two determined surgeons and a no-so radical idea that is saving lives in Sierra Leone — one emergency operation at a time.

You can read more about the non-profit organization the doctors created at capacare.org

Our guests on the show are Håkon Bolkan, Alex van Duinen and Emmanuel Tommy. You can download the episode transcript here:


Here are some of the articles discussed in the show:


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]]> ENCORE: Running rats and healing hearts ENCORE: Running rats and healing hearts Thu, 14 Aug 2025 06:00:00 GMT 34:36 6874b159610560d3ef0c51e5 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6874b159610560d3ef0c51e5 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 encore-running-rats-and-healing-hearts Should everyone should be doing high-intensity interval training? full 5 32 ENCORE: This episode was first published in Sept. 2023.

In 1998, a young Norwegian exercise physiologist found that a technique he had used to help Olympic athletes could help heart patients too. But his idea made doctors sweat. One famous cardiologist told him that if he used his technique in human heart attack patients, he "would kill them."

Today's show looks at what happened when our researcher, Ulrik Wisløff, defied the experts — and built a career learning how high intensity interval training can help everyone from heart patients and ageing Baby Boomers, and possibly even Alzheimer's patients — but not in the way you might think!

Today's guests are Ulrik Wisløff, Dorthe Stensvold and Atefe Tari.

Here's a link to a rat on a treadmill photo. And here's a link to a transcript.

Here's a list of some of the research mentioned in the podcast:

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]]> ENCORE: This episode was first published in Sept. 2023.

In 1998, a young Norwegian exercise physiologist found that a technique he had used to help Olympic athletes could help heart patients too. But his idea made doctors sweat. One famous cardiologist told him that if he used his technique in human heart attack patients, he "would kill them."

Today's show looks at what happened when our researcher, Ulrik Wisløff, defied the experts — and built a career learning how high intensity interval training can help everyone from heart patients and ageing Baby Boomers, and possibly even Alzheimer's patients — but not in the way you might think!

Today's guests are Ulrik Wisløff, Dorthe Stensvold and Atefe Tari.

Here's a link to a rat on a treadmill photo. And here's a link to a transcript.

Here's a list of some of the research mentioned in the podcast:

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]]> Walrus tusks were Viking age gold Walrus tusks were Viking age gold Thu, 10 Jul 2025 13:02:58 GMT 30:23 686d13458d2a216e12777d09 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 686d13458d2a216e12777d09 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 walrus-tusks-were-viking-age-gold Could walrus tusks be the reason Vikings abandoned their Greenland settlements? full 5 31 Historians have floated a half-dozen theories for why Viking Greenland settlements suddenly vanished in the 1300s and 1400s, after nearly 500 years of occupation. Was it climate change, the Black Death, even bad farming habits learned in Scandinavia?

But what if…it all came down to walrus ivory?

It turns out that walrus tusks during the Viking and Middle Ages fuelled a long-distance trade network that stretched from Inuit hunters far above the Arctic Circle to churches and royalty in cities as far flung as Novgorod, Kyiv and Cologne. Now, using ancient DNA and isotope analysis, archaeologists have shown that virtually all these tusks came from Greenland!

And then suddenly, the market collapsed. What happened?

Today's show looks at how everything from cutting edge technology to dogged footwork has allowed researchers to piece together the details of the global walrus trade a thousand years back in time. They're also using this window into the past to better understand walruses themselves, to make predictions about the future of walruses in a warming world.

My guests on today's show are James Barrett, professor of medieval and environmental archaeology at the NTNU University Museum, and Katrien Dierickx and Erin Kunisch, postdocs with James and the 4-Oceans project.

Here's a link to the NTNU University Museum's new exhibit on the walrus tusk trade, Sea Ivories. The exhibition includes the Wingfield-Digby Crozier, from the Victoria & Albert Museum, plus several Lewis Chessmen, from the British Museum.

Here's a link to photos and a description of a Romanesque walrus ivory carving, the Cloisters Cross. Here's a link to a Gothic-style carving of elephant ivory.

Here are some relevant academic articles:

Barrett, James; Boessenkool, Sanne; Kneale, Catherine; O'Connell, Tamsin C; Star, Bastiaan. (2020) Ecological globalisation, serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra. Quaternary Science Reviews

Barrett, James; Khamaiko, Natalia; Ferrari, Giada; Cuevas, Angelica; Kneale, Catherine; Hufthammer, Anne Karin. (2022) Walruses on the Dnieper: new evidence for the intercontinental trade of Greenlandic ivory in the Middle Ages. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences

Keighley, X et al.Disappearance of Icelandic Walruses Coincided with Norse Settlement, Molecular Biology and Evolution, 36:12, Dec.2019, p2656–2667, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz196

Transcript

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]]> Historians have floated a half-dozen theories for why Viking Greenland settlements suddenly vanished in the 1300s and 1400s, after nearly 500 years of occupation. Was it climate change, the Black Death, even bad farming habits learned in Scandinavia?

But what if…it all came down to walrus ivory?

It turns out that walrus tusks during the Viking and Middle Ages fuelled a long-distance trade network that stretched from Inuit hunters far above the Arctic Circle to churches and royalty in cities as far flung as Novgorod, Kyiv and Cologne. Now, using ancient DNA and isotope analysis, archaeologists have shown that virtually all these tusks came from Greenland!

And then suddenly, the market collapsed. What happened?

Today's show looks at how everything from cutting edge technology to dogged footwork has allowed researchers to piece together the details of the global walrus trade a thousand years back in time. They're also using this window into the past to better understand walruses themselves, to make predictions about the future of walruses in a warming world.

My guests on today's show are James Barrett, professor of medieval and environmental archaeology at the NTNU University Museum, and Katrien Dierickx and Erin Kunisch, postdocs with James and the 4-Oceans project.

Here's a link to the NTNU University Museum's new exhibit on the walrus tusk trade, Sea Ivories. The exhibition includes the Wingfield-Digby Crozier, from the Victoria & Albert Museum, plus several Lewis Chessmen, from the British Museum.

Here's a link to photos and a description of a Romanesque walrus ivory carving, the Cloisters Cross. Here's a link to a Gothic-style carving of elephant ivory.

Here are some relevant academic articles:

Barrett, James; Boessenkool, Sanne; Kneale, Catherine; O'Connell, Tamsin C; Star, Bastiaan. (2020) Ecological globalisation, serial depletion and the medieval trade of walrus rostra. Quaternary Science Reviews

Barrett, James; Khamaiko, Natalia; Ferrari, Giada; Cuevas, Angelica; Kneale, Catherine; Hufthammer, Anne Karin. (2022) Walruses on the Dnieper: new evidence for the intercontinental trade of Greenlandic ivory in the Middle Ages. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences

Keighley, X et al.Disappearance of Icelandic Walruses Coincided with Norse Settlement, Molecular Biology and Evolution, 36:12, Dec.2019, p2656–2667, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msz196

Transcript

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]]> An accidental discovery: From failed experiment to new antibiotic An accidental discovery: From failed experiment to new antibiotic Fri, 13 Jun 2025 09:19:33 GMT 28:03 684be65232b0e5d331d9a0c4 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 684be65232b0e5d331d9a0c4 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 an-accidental-discovery-from-failed-experiment-to-a-new-anti full 5 30 NTNU professor Marit Otterlei nearly threw out the contaminated cell culture where she and her colleagues were testing a new cancer drug.

The problem arose on a hot summer day, in Trondheim, in a country not known for hot summer days. So they'd opened the lab's windows overnight.

When they came back the next day, they found an uninvited guest, snuggled in with their cancer cell culture: Bacteria!!!

Here's the thing, though: although the drug had been designed to work on human cancer cells, it looked like it had killed the bacteria, too!

That was remarkable, because the cancer drug targeted a specific mechanism that human cells use to replicate. It looked like the drug also targeted the same mechanism in bacteria -- even though the tree of life had branched away from bacteria 3 BILLION years ago! How could that be?

Today's podcast takes a peek into the challenging world of what it takes to bring a drug, especially an antibiotic, to market. But it’s also an inside look into how some researchers, with their deep curiosity about the nuts and bolts of how life actually works, can come up with startling discoveries that may someday save our lives. Sometimes, the key to saving lives can be hidden in a protein that hasn't changed much over billions of years.

Our guests on today's show are Marit Otterlei, a professor at NTNU's Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Siril Skaret Bakke, innovation manager at NTNU's Technology Transfer Office AS, and Christine Årdal , senior researcher at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.

Marit is a part-time CSO at APIM Therapeutics (https://www.apimtherapeutics.com/), which is developing the cancer drug that she was testing back in 2011, when an open window on a hot summer day led her to suspect that her substance might a possible antibiotic, too. That antibiotic, Betatide, is now undergoing testing that pharmaceutical companies require before investing in it.

Here's a list of some of the key academic publications:

Gilljam, Karin Margaretha; Feyzi, Emadoldin; Aas, Per Arne; Sousa, Mirta; Müller, Rebekka; Vågbø, Cathrine Broberg. (2009) Identification of a novel, widespread, and functionally important PCNA-binding motif. Journal of Cell Biology

Nedal, Aina; Ræder, Synnøve Brandt; Dalhus, Bjørn; Helgesen, Emily; Forstrøm, Rune Johansen; Lindland, Kim. (2020) Peptides containing the PCNA interacting motif APIM bind to the beta-clamp and inhibit bacterial growth and mutagenesis. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR)

Nepal, Anala; Ræder, Synnøve Brandt; Søgaard, Caroline Krogh; Haugan, Maria Schei; Otterlei, Marit. (2021) Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Peptide Kills Extracellular and Intracellular Bacteria Without Affecting Epithelialization. Frontiers in Microbiology

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]]> NTNU professor Marit Otterlei nearly threw out the contaminated cell culture where she and her colleagues were testing a new cancer drug.

The problem arose on a hot summer day, in Trondheim, in a country not known for hot summer days. So they'd opened the lab's windows overnight.

When they came back the next day, they found an uninvited guest, snuggled in with their cancer cell culture: Bacteria!!!

Here's the thing, though: although the drug had been designed to work on human cancer cells, it looked like it had killed the bacteria, too!

That was remarkable, because the cancer drug targeted a specific mechanism that human cells use to replicate. It looked like the drug also targeted the same mechanism in bacteria -- even though the tree of life had branched away from bacteria 3 BILLION years ago! How could that be?

Today's podcast takes a peek into the challenging world of what it takes to bring a drug, especially an antibiotic, to market. But it’s also an inside look into how some researchers, with their deep curiosity about the nuts and bolts of how life actually works, can come up with startling discoveries that may someday save our lives. Sometimes, the key to saving lives can be hidden in a protein that hasn't changed much over billions of years.

Our guests on today's show are Marit Otterlei, a professor at NTNU's Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine; Siril Skaret Bakke, innovation manager at NTNU's Technology Transfer Office AS, and Christine Årdal , senior researcher at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.

Marit is a part-time CSO at APIM Therapeutics (https://www.apimtherapeutics.com/), which is developing the cancer drug that she was testing back in 2011, when an open window on a hot summer day led her to suspect that her substance might a possible antibiotic, too. That antibiotic, Betatide, is now undergoing testing that pharmaceutical companies require before investing in it.

Here's a list of some of the key academic publications:

Gilljam, Karin Margaretha; Feyzi, Emadoldin; Aas, Per Arne; Sousa, Mirta; Müller, Rebekka; Vågbø, Cathrine Broberg. (2009) Identification of a novel, widespread, and functionally important PCNA-binding motif. Journal of Cell Biology

Nedal, Aina; Ræder, Synnøve Brandt; Dalhus, Bjørn; Helgesen, Emily; Forstrøm, Rune Johansen; Lindland, Kim. (2020) Peptides containing the PCNA interacting motif APIM bind to the beta-clamp and inhibit bacterial growth and mutagenesis. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR)

Nepal, Anala; Ræder, Synnøve Brandt; Søgaard, Caroline Krogh; Haugan, Maria Schei; Otterlei, Marit. (2021) Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Peptide Kills Extracellular and Intracellular Bacteria Without Affecting Epithelialization. Frontiers in Microbiology

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]]> New clues from old bones: Norwegian Vikings were very, very violent New clues from old bones: Norwegian Vikings were very, very violent Tue, 15 Apr 2025 15:56:27 GMT 31:27 67fe47e45f72beb5f79fb345 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 67fe47e45f72beb5f79fb345 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 new-clues-from-old-bones-some-vikings-were-much-more-violent What skeletons, grave goods, runestones and dirt tell us about different Viking cultures full 5 29 We may think the Vikings were all the same, but it turns out that Viking violence wasn’t the same everywhere. New research shows that Norwegian Vikings were buried with 50 times more weapons—and had a lot more injuries—than their neighbours in Denmark. And there were other dramatic differences that researchers were able to uncover, even after the passage of more than a thousand years.

This episode digs into what those differences might mean. Why were Norwegian Vikings more violent? Was something going on in their society? And were swords really the handguns of Viking society?

My guests on today's show were Lisa Mariann Strand, a PhD research fellow at NTNU, Jan Bill, an archaeologist at the University of Oslo and David Jacobson, a sociologist at the University of South Florida.

You can read about Bill's project studying the Gokstad ship here, and you can see picture and description of the ship on the webpages of the Museum of the Viking Age here.

Here are some links to the articles we discussed in the show:

  • Jan Bill, David Jacobson, Susanne Nagel, Lisa Mariann Strand (2024)

Violence as a lens to Viking societies: A comparison of Norway and Denmark,

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology,Volume 75, 2024, 101605, ISSN 0278-4165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2024.101605

ISSN 2589-0042, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105225.

Questions? Comments? You can contact me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

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]]> We may think the Vikings were all the same, but it turns out that Viking violence wasn’t the same everywhere. New research shows that Norwegian Vikings were buried with 50 times more weapons—and had a lot more injuries—than their neighbours in Denmark. And there were other dramatic differences that researchers were able to uncover, even after the passage of more than a thousand years.

This episode digs into what those differences might mean. Why were Norwegian Vikings more violent? Was something going on in their society? And were swords really the handguns of Viking society?

My guests on today's show were Lisa Mariann Strand, a PhD research fellow at NTNU, Jan Bill, an archaeologist at the University of Oslo and David Jacobson, a sociologist at the University of South Florida.

You can read about Bill's project studying the Gokstad ship here, and you can see picture and description of the ship on the webpages of the Museum of the Viking Age here.

Here are some links to the articles we discussed in the show:

  • Jan Bill, David Jacobson, Susanne Nagel, Lisa Mariann Strand (2024)

Violence as a lens to Viking societies: A comparison of Norway and Denmark,

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology,Volume 75, 2024, 101605, ISSN 0278-4165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2024.101605

ISSN 2589-0042, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.105225.

Questions? Comments? You can contact me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

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]]> Old flames die hard – the saga of solar cookers Old flames die hard – the saga of solar cookers Fri, 14 Feb 2025 10:44:05 GMT 21:19 67ae0707e54c8d1728817c58 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 67ae0707e54c8d1728817c58 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 old-flames-die-hard Rethinking how Africa cooks – one pot of beans at a time full 5 28 Jimmy Chaciga, a PhD research fellow at Makerere University in Uganda, thinks he has what it will take to get Ugandan households to adopt solar-powered cookers. First, cookers need to be simple to operate. They need to be cheap. They need to be able to cook once the sun has gone down.

But most of all, they need to be able to cook beans.

"If you can cook beans, you can cook anything," he says.

Armed with two drums, a lot of insulation, some solar panels and a dream, Chaciga is trying to bring his cooker to Ugandan households and institutions that need it the most.

Chaciga is one of a group of African researchers working with NTNU's Ole Jørgen Nydal under projects funded by NORAD, the Norwegian Agency for International Development, and the University Network on PhD Programmes in Energy Technology (UNET), co-funded by the EU's Erasmus + programme.

Here's the situation: After decades of research and funding to help households in developing countries shift away from firewood, charcoal and other biomass, 75% continue to rely on these resources for cooking.

Clearly, cooking with wood is bad. It wastes women and children's time as they scavenge scarce wood to burn.

It contributes to deforestation. It's a huge problem that seems like it should be solvable with enough smart engineering, yet it persists.

Today's episode explores the successes and challenges researchers have faced in tackling this issue.

My guests are Jimmy Chaciga, Ashmore Mawire and Ole Jørgen Nydal.

You can see videos and documents from the International Energy Agency's Clean Cooking Summit from May 2024 here.

Here are some publications describing some of the work in today's show:

Here are some background documents that describe the problem over time:

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition.

Ideas? Feedback? Email me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

 

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]]> Jimmy Chaciga, a PhD research fellow at Makerere University in Uganda, thinks he has what it will take to get Ugandan households to adopt solar-powered cookers. First, cookers need to be simple to operate. They need to be cheap. They need to be able to cook once the sun has gone down.

But most of all, they need to be able to cook beans.

"If you can cook beans, you can cook anything," he says.

Armed with two drums, a lot of insulation, some solar panels and a dream, Chaciga is trying to bring his cooker to Ugandan households and institutions that need it the most.

Chaciga is one of a group of African researchers working with NTNU's Ole Jørgen Nydal under projects funded by NORAD, the Norwegian Agency for International Development, and the University Network on PhD Programmes in Energy Technology (UNET), co-funded by the EU's Erasmus + programme.

Here's the situation: After decades of research and funding to help households in developing countries shift away from firewood, charcoal and other biomass, 75% continue to rely on these resources for cooking.

Clearly, cooking with wood is bad. It wastes women and children's time as they scavenge scarce wood to burn.

It contributes to deforestation. It's a huge problem that seems like it should be solvable with enough smart engineering, yet it persists.

Today's episode explores the successes and challenges researchers have faced in tackling this issue.

My guests are Jimmy Chaciga, Ashmore Mawire and Ole Jørgen Nydal.

You can see videos and documents from the International Energy Agency's Clean Cooking Summit from May 2024 here.

Here are some publications describing some of the work in today's show:

Here are some background documents that describe the problem over time:

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transition.

Ideas? Feedback? Email me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

 

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]]> From Running Rats to Brain Maps: A Nobel Odyssey From Running Rats to Brain Maps: A Nobel Odyssey Tue, 26 Nov 2024 08:20:31 GMT 37:36 67447815d5818c4c59f6c458 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 67447815d5818c4c59f6c458 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 from-running-rats-to-brain-maps-a-nobel-winning-discovery The trailblazing journey of Norwegian Nobel laureates May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser full 4 27 When the phone rang 10 years ago while Norwegian neuroscientist May-Britt Moser was in a particularly engaging lab meeting, she almost didn't answer it.

Good thing she did! 

It was Göran Hansson, secretary of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, with the news: May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser, along with their mentor and colleague John O’Keefe from the University College London, had just won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries of two types of brain cells that work together to function like a GPS in the brain.

That system allows animals -including us - to know where they are, and navigate to where they want to go. 

This was a groundbreaking discovery because it gave us critical insight into how an area of the brain, far from the normal sensory inputs of sight, sound and touch, constructs its own way of understanding space. And, because this same area of the brain, and our ability to navigate, are affected early on in Alzheimer's patients, it offers an inroad for clinicians studying the disease. In fact, the KG Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer's Disease, a part of the Mosers' Kavli Institute, is working to bring these fundamental insights about the brain to clinical practice.

This episode is a celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Nobel award.

To make it, I cracked open a time capsule of sorts: When the Mosers first learned that they had won the scientific world's highest honour, I ran down to their lab and recorded everything! The files in this podcast are from that day and the heady days afterwards.

My guests on today's episode are May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser.

You can also find lots more material, including videos, more popular science articles and background information on this webpage.




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]]> When the phone rang 10 years ago while Norwegian neuroscientist May-Britt Moser was in a particularly engaging lab meeting, she almost didn't answer it.

Good thing she did! 

It was Göran Hansson, secretary of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, with the news: May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser, along with their mentor and colleague John O’Keefe from the University College London, had just won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries of two types of brain cells that work together to function like a GPS in the brain.

That system allows animals -including us - to know where they are, and navigate to where they want to go. 

This was a groundbreaking discovery because it gave us critical insight into how an area of the brain, far from the normal sensory inputs of sight, sound and touch, constructs its own way of understanding space. And, because this same area of the brain, and our ability to navigate, are affected early on in Alzheimer's patients, it offers an inroad for clinicians studying the disease. In fact, the KG Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer's Disease, a part of the Mosers' Kavli Institute, is working to bring these fundamental insights about the brain to clinical practice.

This episode is a celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Nobel award.

To make it, I cracked open a time capsule of sorts: When the Mosers first learned that they had won the scientific world's highest honour, I ran down to their lab and recorded everything! The files in this podcast are from that day and the heady days afterwards.

My guests on today's episode are May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser.

You can also find lots more material, including videos, more popular science articles and background information on this webpage.




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]]> Cathedral at the end of the world Cathedral at the end of the world Thu, 08 Aug 2024 13:45:29 GMT 25:44 66b0d133c061bfe5b1c4c231 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 66b0d133c061bfe5b1c4c231 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 cathedral-at-the-end-of-the-world Messages from the past, written in stone full 4 26 Nobelmen and women, in fancy clothing and pearls – but with dragon wings and tails. A laughing man with a full head of curly hair. Lions biting the ears off a man whose mouth is full of writhing serpents. These may sound like a weird combination of a gothic novel and a nightmare, but they're something completely different – a description of some of the eerie and surprising sculptures in Nidaros Cathedral, the northernmost gothic cathedral in the world that's located in NTNU's hometown of Trondheim.

But what were the messages that stonemasons and religious leaders were trying to send visitors to the cathedral – and how do we interpret these messages 800 years later?

My guests on today's show are Øystein Ekroll, chief archaeologist and researcher at the Nidaros Cathedral Restoration Workshop and Margrete Syrstad Andås, an art historian and associate professor at NTNU's Department of Art and Media Studies.


You can read more about the history of the cathedral in this article from Norwegian SciTech News: Thousand-year-old cathedral surrenders its secrets, stone by stone

Andås, Margrete Syrstad, Øystein Ekroll Andreas Haug and Nils Holger Petersen, eds,

The Medieval Cathedral of Trondheim: Architectural and Ritual Constructions in their European Context

(Traditions and Transformations 3), Turnhout, Brepols, 2007

  • Andås, Margrete Syrstad. “Art and Ritual in the Liminal Zone.” In he Medieval cathedral of Trondheim : architectural and ritual constructions in their European context. Eds. Margrete Syrstad Andås, Øystein Ekroll, Andreas Haug and Nils Holger Petersen. Turnhout 2007: 47–126.
  • Andås, Margrete Syrstad. ”The Octagon Doorway: A Question of Purity and Danger?” In Ornament and Order. Essays on Viking and Northern Medieval Art for Signe Horn Fuglesang. Edited by Margrethe C.Stang and Kristin B. Aavitsland, 97-134. Trondheim: Tapir, 2008.


Like what you're hearing? Leave a review, tell your friends, subscribe! And you can contact me, Nancy Bazilchuk, with feedback at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Nobelmen and women, in fancy clothing and pearls – but with dragon wings and tails. A laughing man with a full head of curly hair. Lions biting the ears off a man whose mouth is full of writhing serpents. These may sound like a weird combination of a gothic novel and a nightmare, but they're something completely different – a description of some of the eerie and surprising sculptures in Nidaros Cathedral, the northernmost gothic cathedral in the world that's located in NTNU's hometown of Trondheim.

But what were the messages that stonemasons and religious leaders were trying to send visitors to the cathedral – and how do we interpret these messages 800 years later?

My guests on today's show are Øystein Ekroll, chief archaeologist and researcher at the Nidaros Cathedral Restoration Workshop and Margrete Syrstad Andås, an art historian and associate professor at NTNU's Department of Art and Media Studies.


You can read more about the history of the cathedral in this article from Norwegian SciTech News: Thousand-year-old cathedral surrenders its secrets, stone by stone

Andås, Margrete Syrstad, Øystein Ekroll Andreas Haug and Nils Holger Petersen, eds,

The Medieval Cathedral of Trondheim: Architectural and Ritual Constructions in their European Context

(Traditions and Transformations 3), Turnhout, Brepols, 2007

  • Andås, Margrete Syrstad. “Art and Ritual in the Liminal Zone.” In he Medieval cathedral of Trondheim : architectural and ritual constructions in their European context. Eds. Margrete Syrstad Andås, Øystein Ekroll, Andreas Haug and Nils Holger Petersen. Turnhout 2007: 47–126.
  • Andås, Margrete Syrstad. ”The Octagon Doorway: A Question of Purity and Danger?” In Ornament and Order. Essays on Viking and Northern Medieval Art for Signe Horn Fuglesang. Edited by Margrethe C.Stang and Kristin B. Aavitsland, 97-134. Trondheim: Tapir, 2008.


Like what you're hearing? Leave a review, tell your friends, subscribe! And you can contact me, Nancy Bazilchuk, with feedback at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> <![CDATA[ENCORE: Hermann Göring's Luftwaffe and the $6 billion deal]]> Thu, 25 Jul 2024 10:00:39 GMT 29:16 668527a74cb273e46174047d false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 668527a74cb273e46174047d 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 encore-hermann-gorings-luftwaffe-and-the-6-billion-deal How did Norway become a global giant in the aluminium industry, anyway? full 4 25 This episode was originally aired on March 16, 2021.


Norway doesn't seem like a natural place for the aluminium industry to blossom. But somehow, it did – due in part to the unlikely combination of WWII Germany, a modest English engineer who created a worker’s paradise, an ambitious industrialist prosecuted as a traitor and a hardworking PhD. All of these factors and personalities helped build modern Norway, one aluminium ingot at a time.


Today's guests are Hans Otto Frøland, Svein Richard Brandtzæg and Randi Holmestad. Frøland is one of the researchers working in the Fate of Nations project, which is based at NTNU and focused on the global history and political economy of natural resources. To see archival photographs related to the episode, check out this companion article in Norwegian SciTech News.


You can read more about the history of aluminium in Norway here:


From Warfare to Welfare: Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry (2012) Frøland, Hans Otto; Ingulstad, Mats

Akademika Forlag


Frøland, Hans Otto; Kobberrød, Jan Thomas. (2009) The Norwegian Contribution to Göring's Megalomania. Norway's Aluminium Industry during World War II. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium. vol. 42-43.


Frøland, Hans Otto. (2007) The Norwegian Aluminium Expansion Program in the Context of European integration, 1955-1975. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium.


Gendron, Robin S.; Ingulstad, Mats; Storli, Espen. (2013) Aluminum Ore: The Political Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. University of British Columbia Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0-7748-2533-7.


Like the show? Have questions? Contact me, Nancy Bazilchuk, at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no


You can find the transcript for the show here.


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> This episode was originally aired on March 16, 2021.


Norway doesn't seem like a natural place for the aluminium industry to blossom. But somehow, it did – due in part to the unlikely combination of WWII Germany, a modest English engineer who created a worker’s paradise, an ambitious industrialist prosecuted as a traitor and a hardworking PhD. All of these factors and personalities helped build modern Norway, one aluminium ingot at a time.


Today's guests are Hans Otto Frøland, Svein Richard Brandtzæg and Randi Holmestad. Frøland is one of the researchers working in the Fate of Nations project, which is based at NTNU and focused on the global history and political economy of natural resources. To see archival photographs related to the episode, check out this companion article in Norwegian SciTech News.


You can read more about the history of aluminium in Norway here:


From Warfare to Welfare: Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry (2012) Frøland, Hans Otto; Ingulstad, Mats

Akademika Forlag


Frøland, Hans Otto; Kobberrød, Jan Thomas. (2009) The Norwegian Contribution to Göring's Megalomania. Norway's Aluminium Industry during World War II. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium. vol. 42-43.


Frøland, Hans Otto. (2007) The Norwegian Aluminium Expansion Program in the Context of European integration, 1955-1975. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium.


Gendron, Robin S.; Ingulstad, Mats; Storli, Espen. (2013) Aluminum Ore: The Political Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. University of British Columbia Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0-7748-2533-7.


Like the show? Have questions? Contact me, Nancy Bazilchuk, at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no


You can find the transcript for the show here.


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> ENCORE: Old bones and modern germs ENCORE: Old bones and modern germs Wed, 26 Jun 2024 10:45:24 GMT 26:24 667bef353b08446aac26c782 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 667bef353b08446aac26c782 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 encore-old-bones-and-modern-germs full 4 24 This episode originally aired on Feb. 16, 2022.

Trondheim, Norway’s first religious and national capital, has a rich history that has been revealed over decades of archaeological excavations. One question archaeologists are working on right now has a lot of relevance in a pandemic: Can insight into the health conditions of the past shed light on pandemics in our own time? Now, with the help of old bones and dental plaque, researchers are learning about how diseases evolved in medieval populations, and what society did to stem them — and how that might help us in the future.

Our guests for this episode were Axel Christophersen, a professor of historical archaeology at the NTNU University Museum; Tom Gilbert, a professor at the NTNU University Museum and head of the Center for Evolutionarly Hologenomics based at the University of Copenhagen; and Elisabeth Forrestad Swensen, a PhD candidate at the NTNU University Museum.

You can read more about the MedHeal research project on the project’s home page.

Here are some of the academic articles on medieval Trondheim related to the podcast:

 

Zhou Z, Lundstrøm I, Tran-Dien A, Duchêne S, Alikhan NF, Sergeant MJ, Langridge G, Fotakis AK, Nair S, Stenøien HK, Hamre SS, Casjens S, Christophersen A, Quince C, Thomson NR, Weill FX, Ho SYW, Gilbert MTP, Achtman M. Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia. Curr Biol. 2018 Aug 6;28(15):2420-2428.

Stian Suppersberger Hamre, Valérie Daux- Stable oxygen isotope evidence for mobility in medieval and post-medieval Trondheim, Norway,

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Vol. 8, 2016, pp 416-425,


 A transcript of the show is available here.



Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> This episode originally aired on Feb. 16, 2022.

Trondheim, Norway’s first religious and national capital, has a rich history that has been revealed over decades of archaeological excavations. One question archaeologists are working on right now has a lot of relevance in a pandemic: Can insight into the health conditions of the past shed light on pandemics in our own time? Now, with the help of old bones and dental plaque, researchers are learning about how diseases evolved in medieval populations, and what society did to stem them — and how that might help us in the future.

Our guests for this episode were Axel Christophersen, a professor of historical archaeology at the NTNU University Museum; Tom Gilbert, a professor at the NTNU University Museum and head of the Center for Evolutionarly Hologenomics based at the University of Copenhagen; and Elisabeth Forrestad Swensen, a PhD candidate at the NTNU University Museum.

You can read more about the MedHeal research project on the project’s home page.

Here are some of the academic articles on medieval Trondheim related to the podcast:

 

Zhou Z, Lundstrøm I, Tran-Dien A, Duchêne S, Alikhan NF, Sergeant MJ, Langridge G, Fotakis AK, Nair S, Stenøien HK, Hamre SS, Casjens S, Christophersen A, Quince C, Thomson NR, Weill FX, Ho SYW, Gilbert MTP, Achtman M. Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia. Curr Biol. 2018 Aug 6;28(15):2420-2428.

Stian Suppersberger Hamre, Valérie Daux- Stable oxygen isotope evidence for mobility in medieval and post-medieval Trondheim, Norway,

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Vol. 8, 2016, pp 416-425,


 A transcript of the show is available here.



Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> ENCORE: Shedding light on the polar night ENCORE: Shedding light on the polar night Fri, 31 May 2024 13:31:12 GMT 24:53 6659caf36db2e00012024441 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6659caf36db2e00012024441 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 encore-shedding-light-on-the-polar-night Where being in the dark is a good thing full 4 23 This episode originally aired on January 27, 2021.

Krill eyeballs. The werewolf effect. Diel vertical migration. Arctic marine biologists really talk about these things.

 There’s a reason for that — when it comes to the polar night, when humans see only velvety darkness, krill eyeballs see things a little differently. And when the sun has been gone for months, during the darkest periods of the polar night, the moon does unexpected things to marine organisms. Learn more about what biologists are figuring out about the workings of the polar night — and what it means at a time when the Arctic is warming at a breakneck pace. 

Our guests for this episode were Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Laura Hobbs and Jonathan H. Cohen. You can see a transcript of the episode here. 

Fridtjof Nansen’s book about his Arctic expedition is called Farthest North. You can also read about the other influences his pioneering journey had on science here. 

You can also read about Geir Johnsen’s different research projects in a series of articles from Norwegian SciTech News. 

The findings of the polar night team are so surprising that they actually wrote a textbook about it, edited by Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen and Jonathan H. Cohen. The book is titled Polar Night Marine Ecology: Life and Light in the Dead of Night.

Here are some of the polar night research articles:

Berge, J., Renaud, P. E., Darnis, G. et al. (2015) In the dark: A review of ecosystem processes during the Arctic polar night. Progress in Oceanography, 139: 258-271 

Ludvigsen, M., Berge, J., Geoffroy, M. et al. (2018) Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance. Science Advances 4: eaap9887

 Hobbs L, Cottier FR, Last KS, Berge J (2018) Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 605:61-72. 

Berge, Jørgen; Geoffroy, Maxime; Daase, Malin; Cottier, et al.(2020) Artificial light during the polar night disrupts Arctic fish and zooplankton behavior down to 200 m depth. Communications Biology. 3 (102),  10.1038/s42003-020-0807-6


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> This episode originally aired on January 27, 2021.

Krill eyeballs. The werewolf effect. Diel vertical migration. Arctic marine biologists really talk about these things.

 There’s a reason for that — when it comes to the polar night, when humans see only velvety darkness, krill eyeballs see things a little differently. And when the sun has been gone for months, during the darkest periods of the polar night, the moon does unexpected things to marine organisms. Learn more about what biologists are figuring out about the workings of the polar night — and what it means at a time when the Arctic is warming at a breakneck pace. 

Our guests for this episode were Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Laura Hobbs and Jonathan H. Cohen. You can see a transcript of the episode here. 

Fridtjof Nansen’s book about his Arctic expedition is called Farthest North. You can also read about the other influences his pioneering journey had on science here. 

You can also read about Geir Johnsen’s different research projects in a series of articles from Norwegian SciTech News. 

The findings of the polar night team are so surprising that they actually wrote a textbook about it, edited by Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen and Jonathan H. Cohen. The book is titled Polar Night Marine Ecology: Life and Light in the Dead of Night.

Here are some of the polar night research articles:

Berge, J., Renaud, P. E., Darnis, G. et al. (2015) In the dark: A review of ecosystem processes during the Arctic polar night. Progress in Oceanography, 139: 258-271 

Ludvigsen, M., Berge, J., Geoffroy, M. et al. (2018) Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance. Science Advances 4: eaap9887

 Hobbs L, Cottier FR, Last KS, Berge J (2018) Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 605:61-72. 

Berge, Jørgen; Geoffroy, Maxime; Daase, Malin; Cottier, et al.(2020) Artificial light during the polar night disrupts Arctic fish and zooplankton behavior down to 200 m depth. Communications Biology. 3 (102),  10.1038/s42003-020-0807-6


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Strange bedfellows: Howard Hughes, a $2 billion ship and a lost Soviet submarine Strange bedfellows: Howard Hughes, a $2 billion ship and a lost Soviet submarine Thu, 21 Mar 2024 19:10:07 GMT 18:52 65e5a833d0b9ca0017f5be48 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 65e5a833d0b9ca0017f5be48 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 strange-bedfellows-howard-hughes-a-2-billion-ship-and-a-lost The bizarre story of what looked like a pioneering effort to mine minerals off the ocean floor – and was anything but. full 4 22 It's 1968 and a Soviet sub carrying nuclear warheads has gone missing – lost, with all hands. The Soviets never found it – but the Americans did – in nearly 5000 meters of water.

What follows is the strange tale of Project Azorian, an ultra-secret mission by the US Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA, that played on national fervor over deep sea mining to create an elaborate cover story to raise the sub. This strange tale involved Howard Hughes, a journey around the tip of South America, the 1973 Chilean coup and a 1974 burglary. This last resulted in an expose of what has been called one of the greatest covert operations in the CIA's history.

I stumbled onto this story in the course of reporting the episode on Norway's decision to open its seabed to exploration and mining, and couldn't resist making a little podcast extra about it since it's such a bizarre tale. Fortunately, my guest on today's show, Mats Ingulstad, a professor at NTNU's Department of Modern History and Society, was equally fascinated by this little sidebar to the history of deep sea mining, so here you have it.


Here are some links to relevant documents:

The declassified CIA document (heavily excised) about Project Azorian, with lots of amazing details

The US National Security Archive's webpage describing the declassification of the CIA's Project Azorian

The US Department of State, Office of the Historian's extremely detailed description of The Hughes Glomar Explorer’s Secret Mission to Recover a Sunken Soviet Submarine

For the definitive account of the whole affair, check out the book Project Azorian: The CIA and the Raising of the K-129.

A New York Times article about the 1974 burglary that first exposed Project Azorian: https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/27/archives/an-easy-burglary-led-to-the-disclosure-of-hughescia-plan-to-salvage.html

The Wikipedia page on Project Azorian

The Kennedy speech came from a 28-minute film made on behalf of the US Air Force, called Oceanography: Science for Survival. It's available from the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.

I don't talk about it, but the part of the sub that was raised also contained the bodies of six submariners, who were subsequently given a proper burial at sea. There's a video of the ceremony here.

If you've read this far, I'd be interested in feedback on the sound design of this podcast. I had access to a different music library and decided to use a lot of music to see how it would sound. So let me know: was it too loud, too much, not enough? If you do send a note, make sure to tell me what kind of headphones you're using. Other comments? Questions? Fan mail? email me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> It's 1968 and a Soviet sub carrying nuclear warheads has gone missing – lost, with all hands. The Soviets never found it – but the Americans did – in nearly 5000 meters of water.

What follows is the strange tale of Project Azorian, an ultra-secret mission by the US Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA, that played on national fervor over deep sea mining to create an elaborate cover story to raise the sub. This strange tale involved Howard Hughes, a journey around the tip of South America, the 1973 Chilean coup and a 1974 burglary. This last resulted in an expose of what has been called one of the greatest covert operations in the CIA's history.

I stumbled onto this story in the course of reporting the episode on Norway's decision to open its seabed to exploration and mining, and couldn't resist making a little podcast extra about it since it's such a bizarre tale. Fortunately, my guest on today's show, Mats Ingulstad, a professor at NTNU's Department of Modern History and Society, was equally fascinated by this little sidebar to the history of deep sea mining, so here you have it.


Here are some links to relevant documents:

The declassified CIA document (heavily excised) about Project Azorian, with lots of amazing details

The US National Security Archive's webpage describing the declassification of the CIA's Project Azorian

The US Department of State, Office of the Historian's extremely detailed description of The Hughes Glomar Explorer’s Secret Mission to Recover a Sunken Soviet Submarine

For the definitive account of the whole affair, check out the book Project Azorian: The CIA and the Raising of the K-129.

A New York Times article about the 1974 burglary that first exposed Project Azorian: https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/27/archives/an-easy-burglary-led-to-the-disclosure-of-hughescia-plan-to-salvage.html

The Wikipedia page on Project Azorian

The Kennedy speech came from a 28-minute film made on behalf of the US Air Force, called Oceanography: Science for Survival. It's available from the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum.

I don't talk about it, but the part of the sub that was raised also contained the bodies of six submariners, who were subsequently given a proper burial at sea. There's a video of the ceremony here.

If you've read this far, I'd be interested in feedback on the sound design of this podcast. I had access to a different music library and decided to use a lot of music to see how it would sound. So let me know: was it too loud, too much, not enough? If you do send a note, make sure to tell me what kind of headphones you're using. Other comments? Questions? Fan mail? email me at nancy.bazilchuk@ntnu.no

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Seabed mining – savior or scourge? Seabed mining – savior or scourge? Tue, 06 Feb 2024 08:05:36 GMT 28:15 65c104bcb96545001734e73b false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 65c104bcb96545001734e73b 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 seabed-mining-savior-or-scourge full 4 21 Norway's Mid-Arctic Ocean Ridge is alive with underwater volcanic activity – where big towers called black smokers spew mineral-laden boiling hot water into the ocean. The minerals precipitate out, and have accumulated over millions of years. At the same time, this extreme environment is home to lots of weird creatures mostly unknown to science. This week, a look at the pros and cons of Norway's decision to open an area the size of Italy to extract minerals. Today's guests are Mats Ingulstad, Egil Tjåland, Kurt Aasly and Torkild Bakken.

Here are links to some of the articles and opinion pieces mentioned in the show:


Find the transcript here

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Norway's Mid-Arctic Ocean Ridge is alive with underwater volcanic activity – where big towers called black smokers spew mineral-laden boiling hot water into the ocean. The minerals precipitate out, and have accumulated over millions of years. At the same time, this extreme environment is home to lots of weird creatures mostly unknown to science. This week, a look at the pros and cons of Norway's decision to open an area the size of Italy to extract minerals. Today's guests are Mats Ingulstad, Egil Tjåland, Kurt Aasly and Torkild Bakken.

Here are links to some of the articles and opinion pieces mentioned in the show:


Find the transcript here

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Report from Dubai Report from Dubai Wed, 13 Dec 2023 19:29:10 GMT 12:38 657a0606f921fb00168ef62f false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 657a0606f921fb00168ef62f 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 report-from-dubai full 3 20 Our guest on today's show is Anders Hammer Strømman, one of the lead authors for the last Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report on mitigation of climate change, released in April 2022. He was invited to Dubai to the COP 28 climate talks to talk to the shipping industry about how they can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. He also shares his experience – not from the negotiating rooms – but from the perspective of a scientist seeing his work being taken up by policy makers.


Here's a link to the IPCC report for which Anders was one of the lead authors:

https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-10/


You can read more about other NTNU researchers, including Helene Muri and Edgar Hertwich, who participated in the conference here:

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2023/12/climate-talks-and-the-way-forward/

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2023/12/the-energy-footprint-of-architecture-built-by-oil/

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2021/09/blocking-the-sun-to-control-global-warming/



Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Our guest on today's show is Anders Hammer Strømman, one of the lead authors for the last Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report on mitigation of climate change, released in April 2022. He was invited to Dubai to the COP 28 climate talks to talk to the shipping industry about how they can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. He also shares his experience – not from the negotiating rooms – but from the perspective of a scientist seeing his work being taken up by policy makers.


Here's a link to the IPCC report for which Anders was one of the lead authors:

https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/chapter/chapter-10/


You can read more about other NTNU researchers, including Helene Muri and Edgar Hertwich, who participated in the conference here:

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2023/12/climate-talks-and-the-way-forward/

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2023/12/the-energy-footprint-of-architecture-built-by-oil/

https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2021/09/blocking-the-sun-to-control-global-warming/



Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> When trees talk When trees talk Wed, 01 Nov 2023 07:00:36 GMT 29:41 65410895d96b4600124a2cf8 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 65410895d96b4600124a2cf8 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 when-trees-talk We think of trees as silent sentinels, watching as the world goes by and the ages pass. But what if you could see what they have seen? full 3 19 In their careful records of climate change over the centuries — and millennia — trees offer a kind of crystal ball on the past. But they can also help researchers figure out everything from what happened in Norway during the Black Death to how Nazis hid an enormous battleship from the Allies during WWII to how much it rained in Norway during millennia past, when it was much warmer than today.


Our guests on today's show are Helene Svarva and Claudia Hartl. You can see a transcript of the show here.


Here's a selection of academic articles discussed in today's show:


Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Seim, Andrea; Tegel, Willy; Krusic, Paul J.; Baittinger, Claudia; Belingard, Christelle. (2022) Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution


Thun, Terje; Svarva, Helene Løvstrand. (2018) Tree-ring growth shows that the significant population decline in Norway began before the Black Death. Dendrochronologia


Svarva, Helene Løvstrand; Thun, Terje; Kirchhefer, Andreas; Nesje, Atle. (2018) Little Ice Age summer temperatures in Western Norway from a 700-year tree-ring chronology. The Holocene


Thun, Terje. (2009) Norwegian dendrochronology; almost a victim of the Black Death. AmS-Varia

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]]> In their careful records of climate change over the centuries — and millennia — trees offer a kind of crystal ball on the past. But they can also help researchers figure out everything from what happened in Norway during the Black Death to how Nazis hid an enormous battleship from the Allies during WWII to how much it rained in Norway during millennia past, when it was much warmer than today.


Our guests on today's show are Helene Svarva and Claudia Hartl. You can see a transcript of the show here.


Here's a selection of academic articles discussed in today's show:


Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier; Seim, Andrea; Tegel, Willy; Krusic, Paul J.; Baittinger, Claudia; Belingard, Christelle. (2022) Regional Patterns of Late Medieval and Early Modern European Building Activity Revealed by Felling Dates. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution


Thun, Terje; Svarva, Helene Løvstrand. (2018) Tree-ring growth shows that the significant population decline in Norway began before the Black Death. Dendrochronologia


Svarva, Helene Løvstrand; Thun, Terje; Kirchhefer, Andreas; Nesje, Atle. (2018) Little Ice Age summer temperatures in Western Norway from a 700-year tree-ring chronology. The Holocene


Thun, Terje. (2009) Norwegian dendrochronology; almost a victim of the Black Death. AmS-Varia

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]]> 1100 Norwegian teachers fought Hitler — and won 1100 Norwegian teachers fought Hitler — and won Wed, 18 Oct 2023 06:00:31 GMT 36:35 652d372abfc0890012bb703b false https://shows.acast.com/63-degrees-north/episodes/1100-norwegian-teachers-fought-hitler-and-won 652d372abfc0890012bb703b 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 1100-norwegian-teachers-fought-hitler-and-won A tale of bravery, moral courage and determination —and success against all odds full 3 18 When Hitler's troops stormed into Norway on April 9, 1940, Germany's goal was to secure the country’s 1200 km long coastline so iron ore from Swedish mines could continue to flow to the northern Norwegian port of Narvik — and eventually to the German war machine. 

But that wasn't all that Hitler and his followers hoped for, as Norwegian teachers would come to learn.

Vidkun Quisling, a Nazi collaborator who nominally headed the Norwegian government during the occupation, wanted Norway to embrace Nazi ideology. He decided the best way to do this was through teachers and schoolchildren. In February 1942, he ordered all teachers to join a new union that would require them to introduce Nazi doctrine to their students. Students were also ordered to join the Norwegian equivalent of the Hitler Youth.

But the teachers refused.

They organized using tactics right out of a spy movie to resist — scribbling messages in invisible ink, meeting secretly in basements and train stations, and printing newsletters to coordinate efforts across the country. For their efforts, 1100 were arrested — and subjected to months of starvation, torture and hard labour.


This week, the story of what happened when the teachers defied Hitler — and won!

My guests on today's show are Martin Øystese and Unni Eikeseth.


Learn more about the teachers' battle:


  • The Teacher's Protest tells the full story of the teachers' resistance, in a 2020 video by Jon Seal and available for rental from Vimeo.
  • "Tyranny could not quell them," by Gene Sharp, a 24-page booklet published in 1958 by the International Pacifist Weekly that describes the teachers' rebellion, and how the tactics they used could help other groups that are interested in non-violent resistance.
  • Lærarkrigen mot Quisling, the Norwegian three-part podcast about the teacher's rebellion (in Norwegian)
  • Ø. Hetland, N. Karcher & K. B. Simonsen (2021) Navigating troubled waters: collaboration and resistance in state institutions in Nazi-occupied Norway, Scandinavian Journal of History, 46:1, 84-104, DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2020.1846075
  • Norwegian Teachers Stand Firm (1942) 32-page booklet published by the Royal Norwegian Government Press Representatives, Washington, DC.



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]]> When Hitler's troops stormed into Norway on April 9, 1940, Germany's goal was to secure the country’s 1200 km long coastline so iron ore from Swedish mines could continue to flow to the northern Norwegian port of Narvik — and eventually to the German war machine. 

But that wasn't all that Hitler and his followers hoped for, as Norwegian teachers would come to learn.

Vidkun Quisling, a Nazi collaborator who nominally headed the Norwegian government during the occupation, wanted Norway to embrace Nazi ideology. He decided the best way to do this was through teachers and schoolchildren. In February 1942, he ordered all teachers to join a new union that would require them to introduce Nazi doctrine to their students. Students were also ordered to join the Norwegian equivalent of the Hitler Youth.

But the teachers refused.

They organized using tactics right out of a spy movie to resist — scribbling messages in invisible ink, meeting secretly in basements and train stations, and printing newsletters to coordinate efforts across the country. For their efforts, 1100 were arrested — and subjected to months of starvation, torture and hard labour.


This week, the story of what happened when the teachers defied Hitler — and won!

My guests on today's show are Martin Øystese and Unni Eikeseth.


Learn more about the teachers' battle:


  • The Teacher's Protest tells the full story of the teachers' resistance, in a 2020 video by Jon Seal and available for rental from Vimeo.
  • "Tyranny could not quell them," by Gene Sharp, a 24-page booklet published in 1958 by the International Pacifist Weekly that describes the teachers' rebellion, and how the tactics they used could help other groups that are interested in non-violent resistance.
  • Lærarkrigen mot Quisling, the Norwegian three-part podcast about the teacher's rebellion (in Norwegian)
  • Ø. Hetland, N. Karcher & K. B. Simonsen (2021) Navigating troubled waters: collaboration and resistance in state institutions in Nazi-occupied Norway, Scandinavian Journal of History, 46:1, 84-104, DOI: 10.1080/03468755.2020.1846075
  • Norwegian Teachers Stand Firm (1942) 32-page booklet published by the Royal Norwegian Government Press Representatives, Washington, DC.



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]]> Tea bags on the tundra Tea bags on the tundra Wed, 11 Oct 2023 06:00:00 GMT 30:32 65240fbcc89965001280579e false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 65240fbcc89965001280579e 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 teabags-on-the-tundra What tea bags and melting permafrost can tell us about our climate future full 3 17

Up on the Arctic tundra, a young man in chest waders is wandering around a peat bod, burying tea bags — Lipton tea bags, green tea and rooibos, to be exact. This week, I head to Iskoras mountain, a low peak in far northern Norway, outside of the town of Karasjok to find out what burying tea bags in the tundra — and doing sophisticated measurements in a peat bog —can tell us about the future of permafrost and its effects on the climate.

This week's guests are Hanna Lee, Anja Greschkowiak, Lisa van Solt and Daniel Angulo Serrano.


Here are some videos that explain the research and show the field site in more detail:


You can read more about the research in this episode here:


Jiao, Yi; Davie-Martin, Cleo L.; Kramshøj, Magnus; Christiansen, Casper Tai; Lee, Hanna; Althuizen, Inge. (2023) Volatile organic compound release across a permafrost-affected peatland. Geoderma


Lee, H., Christiansen, C., Althuizen, I., Michelsen, A., Dörsch, P., Westermann, S., and Risk, D.: Long lasting greenhouse gas emissions beyond abrupt permafrost thaw event in permafrost peatlands, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-4211, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-4211, 2022.


Rixen, Christian; Høye, Toke Thomas; Macek, Petr; Aerts, Rien; Alatalo, Juha M.; Andeson, Jill T.. (2022) Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems. Arctic Science


Cai, Lei; Lee, Hanna; Aas, Kjetil Schanke; Westermann, Sebastian. (2020) Projecting circum-Arctic excess-ground-ice melt with a sub-grid representation in the Community Land Model. The Cryosphere

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]]>

Up on the Arctic tundra, a young man in chest waders is wandering around a peat bod, burying tea bags — Lipton tea bags, green tea and rooibos, to be exact. This week, I head to Iskoras mountain, a low peak in far northern Norway, outside of the town of Karasjok to find out what burying tea bags in the tundra — and doing sophisticated measurements in a peat bog —can tell us about the future of permafrost and its effects on the climate.

This week's guests are Hanna Lee, Anja Greschkowiak, Lisa van Solt and Daniel Angulo Serrano.


Here are some videos that explain the research and show the field site in more detail:


You can read more about the research in this episode here:


Jiao, Yi; Davie-Martin, Cleo L.; Kramshøj, Magnus; Christiansen, Casper Tai; Lee, Hanna; Althuizen, Inge. (2023) Volatile organic compound release across a permafrost-affected peatland. Geoderma


Lee, H., Christiansen, C., Althuizen, I., Michelsen, A., Dörsch, P., Westermann, S., and Risk, D.: Long lasting greenhouse gas emissions beyond abrupt permafrost thaw event in permafrost peatlands, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-4211, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-4211, 2022.


Rixen, Christian; Høye, Toke Thomas; Macek, Petr; Aerts, Rien; Alatalo, Juha M.; Andeson, Jill T.. (2022) Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems. Arctic Science


Cai, Lei; Lee, Hanna; Aas, Kjetil Schanke; Westermann, Sebastian. (2020) Projecting circum-Arctic excess-ground-ice melt with a sub-grid representation in the Community Land Model. The Cryosphere

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]]> When the doctor is out When the doctor is out Wed, 04 Oct 2023 06:00:53 GMT 33:40 651be40f73c23a0011b8ecc5 false https://shows.acast.com/63-degrees-north/episodes/when-the-doctor-is-out 651be40f73c23a0011b8ecc5 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 when-the-doctor-is-out Two surgeons and a (not so) radical idea in Sierra Leone full 3 16 Sierra Leone used to be the most dangerous place in the world to give birth. Without enough doctors to do C-sections, women and babies were dying. But what if you didn't need a doctor?

This week, the story of two determined surgeons and a no-so radical idea that is saving lives in Sierra Leone — one emergency operation at a time.

You can read more about the non-profit organization the doctors created to fund their training programme at capacare.org

Our guests on today's show are Håkon Bolkan, Alex van Duinen and Emmanuel Tommy.


Here are some of the academic articles discussed in the show:



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]]> Sierra Leone used to be the most dangerous place in the world to give birth. Without enough doctors to do C-sections, women and babies were dying. But what if you didn't need a doctor?

This week, the story of two determined surgeons and a no-so radical idea that is saving lives in Sierra Leone — one emergency operation at a time.

You can read more about the non-profit organization the doctors created to fund their training programme at capacare.org

Our guests on today's show are Håkon Bolkan, Alex van Duinen and Emmanuel Tommy.


Here are some of the academic articles discussed in the show:



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]]> Listening to Leviathans: Sounds from the deep Listening to Leviathans: Sounds from the deep Wed, 27 Sep 2023 06:00:07 GMT 30:49 650d7cdbfe8c8b0011e6211a false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 650d7cdbfe8c8b0011e6211a 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 eavesdropping-on-whales Technology once imperiled whales; can eavesdropping on them now help save them? full 3 15 Norwegian technology, courtesy of the 19th-century whaler Svend Foyn, played a critical role in establishing the modern era of industrial whaling.By the time the 1960s rolled around, most large whale populations hovered on the brink of extinction. Now, Norwegian researchers are testing new technologies so they can track and study these marine giants — and help protect them. This week, tapping into fibre-optic cables to eavesdrop on whales in a way that's never been done before— and how deploying a comprehensive library of whale dialects can help prevent ship-whale collisions in busy California shipping ports. This week's guests are Jennifer Bailey, a professor at NTNU's Department of Sociology and Political Science; Martin Landrø, a professor at NTNU's Department of Electronic Systems; Léa Bouffaut, a postdoc at the Cornell University K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics; and Ana Širović, an associate professor at NTNU's Department of Biology. Ana's work with whale dialects and ship strikes is part of the Whale Safe Project.


You can read more about the fibre-optic research in these articles from Norwegian SciTech News:

Tracking whales as they cruise the Arctic

Eavesdropping on the Earth itself

Eavesdropping on whales in the High Arctic


Here are some of the academic articles related to the research discussed in the episode.


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Norwegian technology, courtesy of the 19th-century whaler Svend Foyn, played a critical role in establishing the modern era of industrial whaling.By the time the 1960s rolled around, most large whale populations hovered on the brink of extinction. Now, Norwegian researchers are testing new technologies so they can track and study these marine giants — and help protect them. This week, tapping into fibre-optic cables to eavesdrop on whales in a way that's never been done before— and how deploying a comprehensive library of whale dialects can help prevent ship-whale collisions in busy California shipping ports. This week's guests are Jennifer Bailey, a professor at NTNU's Department of Sociology and Political Science; Martin Landrø, a professor at NTNU's Department of Electronic Systems; Léa Bouffaut, a postdoc at the Cornell University K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics; and Ana Širović, an associate professor at NTNU's Department of Biology. Ana's work with whale dialects and ship strikes is part of the Whale Safe Project.


You can read more about the fibre-optic research in these articles from Norwegian SciTech News:

Tracking whales as they cruise the Arctic

Eavesdropping on the Earth itself

Eavesdropping on whales in the High Arctic


Here are some of the academic articles related to the research discussed in the episode.


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Running rats and healing hearts Running rats and healing hearts Wed, 20 Sep 2023 06:00:51 GMT 33:51 65083245cb582e0011a86430 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 65083245cb582e0011a86430 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 running-rats-and-healing-heart Is high intensity interval training the magic pill? full 3 14 In 1998, a young Norwegian exercise physiologist found that a technique he had used to help Olympic athletes could help heart patients too. But his idea made doctors sweat. One famous cardiologist told him that if he used his technique in human heart attack patients, he "would kill them."

Today's show looks at what happened when our researcher, Ulrik Wisløff, defied the experts — and built a career learning how high intensity interval training can help everyone from heart patients and ageing Baby Boomers, and possibly even Alzheimer's patients — but not in the way you might think!

Our guests on today's show are Ulrik Wisløff, Dorthe Stensvold and Atefe Tari.

Here's a link to a rat on a treadmill photo.

Here's a list of some of the research mentioned in the podcast, with links:


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]]> In 1998, a young Norwegian exercise physiologist found that a technique he had used to help Olympic athletes could help heart patients too. But his idea made doctors sweat. One famous cardiologist told him that if he used his technique in human heart attack patients, he "would kill them."

Today's show looks at what happened when our researcher, Ulrik Wisløff, defied the experts — and built a career learning how high intensity interval training can help everyone from heart patients and ageing Baby Boomers, and possibly even Alzheimer's patients — but not in the way you might think!

Our guests on today's show are Ulrik Wisløff, Dorthe Stensvold and Atefe Tari.

Here's a link to a rat on a treadmill photo.

Here's a list of some of the research mentioned in the podcast, with links:


Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Wax, wood and CO2 Wax, wood and CO2 Tue, 15 Nov 2022 15:15:06 GMT 24:33 6373a18e7fdb600012d58497 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6373a18e7fdb600012d58497 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 how-wax-wood-and-co2-can-save-the-planet Three wild ways to stave off global warming full 2 13 Three tons of wax. A 4-story office building made almost entirely of wood. And putting CO2 to work instead of letting it heat up the planet: Scientists and engineers across the globe are harnessing unlikely materials to cut greenhouse gas emissions.

Today's show looks at how a zero-emissions office building combines integrated solar panels, heat pumps and a huge vat of wax to heat and power the structure, with enough left over to sell. We'll also look at highly efficient heat pumps using CO2 as the stuff inside that makes it work. They're spreading worldwide, and can be found everywhere from inside your Volkswagen ID electric car to the Large Hadron Collider. And also — at a hotel in Hell, Norway, where electricity use was cut by 70 per cent — without making a pact with the devil!

Our guests on today's show are Tore Kvande and Armin Hafner.

There's a video on Professor Hafner's work at CERN here, and more about CoolCERN, here.

Find a related podcast episode here.

Read more:

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]]> Three tons of wax. A 4-story office building made almost entirely of wood. And putting CO2 to work instead of letting it heat up the planet: Scientists and engineers across the globe are harnessing unlikely materials to cut greenhouse gas emissions.

Today's show looks at how a zero-emissions office building combines integrated solar panels, heat pumps and a huge vat of wax to heat and power the structure, with enough left over to sell. We'll also look at highly efficient heat pumps using CO2 as the stuff inside that makes it work. They're spreading worldwide, and can be found everywhere from inside your Volkswagen ID electric car to the Large Hadron Collider. And also — at a hotel in Hell, Norway, where electricity use was cut by 70 per cent — without making a pact with the devil!

Our guests on today's show are Tore Kvande and Armin Hafner.

There's a video on Professor Hafner's work at CERN here, and more about CoolCERN, here.

Find a related podcast episode here.

Read more:

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> <![CDATA[The EU has the strongest climate law in the world. But it's not enough.]]> Mon, 07 Nov 2022 09:06:17 GMT 18:51 6368c755e937510012fed0f3 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6368c755e937510012fed0f3 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 the-eu-has-the-strongest-climate-law-in-the-world-but-its-no Podcast extra: Speaking truth to power during COP27 full 2 12 Earlier this year, tremendous floods in Pakistan forced 600,000 pregnant women to leave their homes for safer ground. It was among the latest in a series of nearly unthinkable happenings caused by climate change."Can you imagine if you are about to give birth to a child, and you have to leave your home and flee? These are very traumatic experiences that people have now in all continents, and increasing frequency," says NNTU Professor Edgar Hertwich. He says we all know now that climate change is no longer an abstraction — it's here, and humankind has to act.

Hertwich — one of the top 100 climate researchers on the planet — is in a unique position to push the international agenda: he's one of just 15 members on the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, which is advising the EU on implementing its new climate law. That matters because the EU is the largest political entity in the world to commit to such ambitious goals.

The 27 nations in the EU have committed to cutting their carbon emissions by at least 55% in just 8 years — by 2030. By 2050, the EU law commits its member nations to a net-zero emissions balance — meaning that they will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions as much as they can and find ways of compensating for the remaining and unavoidable emissions so that the net emissions are zero.

This is an aggressive plan, Hertwich says, but it doesn't go nearly far enough. And he's been vocal in telling EU leaders just that. Listen to what he had to say to a recent EU Strategy Summit on Climate in Brussels, hosted by NTNU and SINTEF, Scandinavia's largest independent research institution.

You can read a collection of popular science articles about Professor Hertwich's research here.

Here's a selection of his recent academic publications:

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Earlier this year, tremendous floods in Pakistan forced 600,000 pregnant women to leave their homes for safer ground. It was among the latest in a series of nearly unthinkable happenings caused by climate change."Can you imagine if you are about to give birth to a child, and you have to leave your home and flee? These are very traumatic experiences that people have now in all continents, and increasing frequency," says NNTU Professor Edgar Hertwich. He says we all know now that climate change is no longer an abstraction — it's here, and humankind has to act.

Hertwich — one of the top 100 climate researchers on the planet — is in a unique position to push the international agenda: he's one of just 15 members on the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, which is advising the EU on implementing its new climate law. That matters because the EU is the largest political entity in the world to commit to such ambitious goals.

The 27 nations in the EU have committed to cutting their carbon emissions by at least 55% in just 8 years — by 2030. By 2050, the EU law commits its member nations to a net-zero emissions balance — meaning that they will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions as much as they can and find ways of compensating for the remaining and unavoidable emissions so that the net emissions are zero.

This is an aggressive plan, Hertwich says, but it doesn't go nearly far enough. And he's been vocal in telling EU leaders just that. Listen to what he had to say to a recent EU Strategy Summit on Climate in Brussels, hosted by NTNU and SINTEF, Scandinavia's largest independent research institution.

You can read a collection of popular science articles about Professor Hertwich's research here.

Here's a selection of his recent academic publications:

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Getting to Net Zero Getting to Net Zero Thu, 02 Jun 2022 09:40:36 GMT 21:37 62988595a04938001227baa8 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 62988595a04938001227baa8 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 getting-to-net-zero Podcast extra: Inside the latest IPCC report full 2 11 We all know that climate change is real and that we have to do something about it. In today's podcast extra episode, we go behind the scenes at the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and talk to Anders Hammer Strømman, who was one of the lead authors for their latest report, released in April this year. Anders is a professor at NTNU's Industrial Ecology Programme where he has specialized in Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental input-output analysis, which are tools that enable us to understand the real environmental costs of the goods and materials we use in everyday life.


We talk about why cutting carbon emissions quickly is a little like skiing up a big mountain, how battery companies need to come clean when it comes to how they make their products, why some version of a home office could be good for the planet, and why your individual choices can actually make a difference.  And we talk about why Anders is optimistic and thinks we can make this shift — even though the governments of the world have been slow to act.


Anders encouraged me (and by extension, you, my listeners) to look at the entire report (nearly 3000 pages — not 3675 as I say in the podcast!) but that's probably more than most of us have time for. You can look at the chapter that Anders was lead author on, on Transport, here (the link will start a pdf download). You can read an even more condensed version of the WG III report and its major findings here.


The bottom line is that we CAN make this happen!


Thanks this week for help from Ole Marius Ringstad, who did the sound design for the episode. Stay tuned for an update about next season, coming in the autumn.




Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> We all know that climate change is real and that we have to do something about it. In today's podcast extra episode, we go behind the scenes at the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and talk to Anders Hammer Strømman, who was one of the lead authors for their latest report, released in April this year. Anders is a professor at NTNU's Industrial Ecology Programme where he has specialized in Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental input-output analysis, which are tools that enable us to understand the real environmental costs of the goods and materials we use in everyday life.


We talk about why cutting carbon emissions quickly is a little like skiing up a big mountain, how battery companies need to come clean when it comes to how they make their products, why some version of a home office could be good for the planet, and why your individual choices can actually make a difference.  And we talk about why Anders is optimistic and thinks we can make this shift — even though the governments of the world have been slow to act.


Anders encouraged me (and by extension, you, my listeners) to look at the entire report (nearly 3000 pages — not 3675 as I say in the podcast!) but that's probably more than most of us have time for. You can look at the chapter that Anders was lead author on, on Transport, here (the link will start a pdf download). You can read an even more condensed version of the WG III report and its major findings here.


The bottom line is that we CAN make this happen!


Thanks this week for help from Ole Marius Ringstad, who did the sound design for the episode. Stay tuned for an update about next season, coming in the autumn.




Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> The Alchemists: Turning wild water into white coal The Alchemists: Turning wild water into white coal Wed, 13 Apr 2022 17:54:21 GMT 31:11 62516d8fad55de00127ad994 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 62516d8fad55de00127ad994 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 the-alchemists-turning-wild-water-into-white-coal full 2 10 The secrets behind how Norwegian scientists and engineers harnessed the country’s wild waterfalls by developing super efficient turbines — and how advances in turbine technology being developed now may be the future in a zero-carbon world. They include an engineer who figured out how to take advantage of national fervour and build the 1900s equivalent of a super computer, a WWII resistance fighter who saw something special in tiny temperature differences, and researchers today, who are finding ways to cut environmental impacts from current hydropower plants and craft the designs we need to confront climate change.


The guests on today's show were Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, Vera Gütle and Johannes Kverno, with cameo appearances by Hans Otto Frøland and Svein Richard Brandtzæg.


You can read an article written to accompany the podcast, with photographs from the lab here There's also an online photo gallery with a brief history of the Waterpower Laboratory here.


You can read more about some of the research being done at the lab here:

HydroFlex: The HydroFlex project is a four year long, € 5.4 million research project financed through EU’s Horizon 2020 programme, coordinated by Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug and based at NTNU’s Waterpower Laboratory. The aim of the project is to increase the value of hydro power through increased flexibility in operations.


Stojkovski, Filip; Lazarevikj, Marija; Markov, Zoran; Iliev, Igor; Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar. (2021) Constraints of Parametrically Defined Guide Vanes for a High-Head Francis Turbine. Energies. vol. 14 (9).


Gütle, Vera. (2021) How to avoid gas supersaturation in the river downstream from a hydropower plant. MSc thesis.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> The secrets behind how Norwegian scientists and engineers harnessed the country’s wild waterfalls by developing super efficient turbines — and how advances in turbine technology being developed now may be the future in a zero-carbon world. They include an engineer who figured out how to take advantage of national fervour and build the 1900s equivalent of a super computer, a WWII resistance fighter who saw something special in tiny temperature differences, and researchers today, who are finding ways to cut environmental impacts from current hydropower plants and craft the designs we need to confront climate change.


The guests on today's show were Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug, Vera Gütle and Johannes Kverno, with cameo appearances by Hans Otto Frøland and Svein Richard Brandtzæg.


You can read an article written to accompany the podcast, with photographs from the lab here There's also an online photo gallery with a brief history of the Waterpower Laboratory here.


You can read more about some of the research being done at the lab here:

HydroFlex: The HydroFlex project is a four year long, € 5.4 million research project financed through EU’s Horizon 2020 programme, coordinated by Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug and based at NTNU’s Waterpower Laboratory. The aim of the project is to increase the value of hydro power through increased flexibility in operations.


Stojkovski, Filip; Lazarevikj, Marija; Markov, Zoran; Iliev, Igor; Dahlhaug, Ole Gunnar. (2021) Constraints of Parametrically Defined Guide Vanes for a High-Head Francis Turbine. Energies. vol. 14 (9).


Gütle, Vera. (2021) How to avoid gas supersaturation in the river downstream from a hydropower plant. MSc thesis.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> The Detectives: Hunting toxic chemicals in the Arctic The Detectives: Hunting toxic chemicals in the Arctic Wed, 30 Mar 2022 20:23:39 GMT 23:33 6244a87e7d309f00138fdbea false https://shows.acast.com/63-degrees-north/episodes/the-detectives-hunting-toxic-chemicals-in-the-arctic 6244a87e7d309f00138fdbea 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 the-detectives-hunting-toxic-chemicals-in-the-arctic full 2 9 Baby grey seals. Polar bears. Zooplankton on painkillers. How do toxic chemicals and substances end up in Arctic animals — and as it happens, native people, too?


Our guests on today's show are Bjørn Munro Jenssen, an ecotoxicologist at NTNU, Jon Øyvind Odland, a professor of global health at NTNU and a professor of international health at UiT —The Arctic University of Norway, and Ida Beathe Øverjordet, a researcher at SINTEF.


One of the most useful websites on arctic pollution is the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, AMAP. Rachel Carson's book is Silent Spring.


Here's a selection of articles from today's episode:


Sørmo, E.G., Salmer, M.P., Jenssen, B.M., Hop, H., Bæk, K., Kovacs, K.M., Lydersen, C., Falk-Petersen, S., Gabrielsen, G.W., Lie, E. and Skaare, J.U. (2006), Biomagnification of polybrominated diphenyl ether and hexabromocyclododecane flame retardants in the polar bear food chain in Svalbard, Norway. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25: 2502-2511. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-591R


Bourgeon, Sophie; Riemer, Astrid Kolind; Tartu, Sabrina; Aars, Jon; Polder, Anuschka; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli. (2017) Potentiation of ecological factors on the disruption of thyroid hormones by organo-halogenated contaminants in female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the Barents Sea. Environmental Research. vol. 15


Nuijten, RJM; Hendriks, AJ; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Schipper, AM. (2016) Circumpolar contaminant concentrations in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and potential population-level effects. Environmental Research. vol. 151.


Chashchin, Valery; Kovshov, Aleksandr A.; Thomassen, Yngvar; Sorokina, Tatiana; Gorbanev, Sergey A.; Morgunov, Boris; Gudkov, Andrey B.; Chashchin, Maxim; Sturlis, Natalia V.; Trofimova, Anna; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Nieboer, Evert. (2020) Health risk modifiers of exposure to persistent pollutants among indigenous peoples of Chukotka. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). vol. 17 (1).

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]]> Baby grey seals. Polar bears. Zooplankton on painkillers. How do toxic chemicals and substances end up in Arctic animals — and as it happens, native people, too?


Our guests on today's show are Bjørn Munro Jenssen, an ecotoxicologist at NTNU, Jon Øyvind Odland, a professor of global health at NTNU and a professor of international health at UiT —The Arctic University of Norway, and Ida Beathe Øverjordet, a researcher at SINTEF.


One of the most useful websites on arctic pollution is the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, AMAP. Rachel Carson's book is Silent Spring.


Here's a selection of articles from today's episode:


Sørmo, E.G., Salmer, M.P., Jenssen, B.M., Hop, H., Bæk, K., Kovacs, K.M., Lydersen, C., Falk-Petersen, S., Gabrielsen, G.W., Lie, E. and Skaare, J.U. (2006), Biomagnification of polybrominated diphenyl ether and hexabromocyclododecane flame retardants in the polar bear food chain in Svalbard, Norway. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25: 2502-2511. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-591R


Bourgeon, Sophie; Riemer, Astrid Kolind; Tartu, Sabrina; Aars, Jon; Polder, Anuschka; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli. (2017) Potentiation of ecological factors on the disruption of thyroid hormones by organo-halogenated contaminants in female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the Barents Sea. Environmental Research. vol. 15


Nuijten, RJM; Hendriks, AJ; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Schipper, AM. (2016) Circumpolar contaminant concentrations in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and potential population-level effects. Environmental Research. vol. 151.


Chashchin, Valery; Kovshov, Aleksandr A.; Thomassen, Yngvar; Sorokina, Tatiana; Gorbanev, Sergey A.; Morgunov, Boris; Gudkov, Andrey B.; Chashchin, Maxim; Sturlis, Natalia V.; Trofimova, Anna; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Nieboer, Evert. (2020) Health risk modifiers of exposure to persistent pollutants among indigenous peoples of Chukotka. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). vol. 17 (1).

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]]> Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe and the $6 billion deal Hermann Göring’s Luftwaffe and the $6 billion deal Wed, 16 Mar 2022 18:07:51 GMT 28:20 62322777a9fb150013a6c09c false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 62322777a9fb150013a6c09c 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 hermann-gorings-luftwaffe-and-the-6-billion-deal Building modern Norway, one aluminium ingot at a time full 2 8 How the unlikely combination of WWII Germany, a modest English engineer who created a worker’s paradise, an ambitious industrialist prosecuted as a traitor and a hardworking PhD helped build modern Norway, one aluminium ingot at a time.


Today's guests are Hans Otto Frøland, Svein Richard Brandtzæg and Randi Holmestad. Frøland is one of the researchers working in the Fate of Nations project, which is based at NTNU and focused on the global history and political economy of natural resources. To see archival photographs related to the episode, check out this companion article in Norwegian SciTech News.


You can read more about the history of aluminium in Norway here:


From Warfare to Welfare: Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry (2012) Frøland, Hans Otto; Ingulstad, Mats

Akademika Forlag


Frøland, Hans Otto; Kobberrød, Jan Thomas. (2009) The Norwegian Contribution to Göring's Megalomania. Norway's Aluminium Industry during World War II. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium. vol. 42-43.


Frøland, Hans Otto. (2007) The Norwegian Aluminium Expansion Program in the Context of European integration, 1955-1975. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium.


Gendron, Robin S.; Ingulstad, Mats; Storli, Espen. (2013) Aluminum Ore: The Political Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. University of British Columbia Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0-7748-2533-7.


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]]> How the unlikely combination of WWII Germany, a modest English engineer who created a worker’s paradise, an ambitious industrialist prosecuted as a traitor and a hardworking PhD helped build modern Norway, one aluminium ingot at a time.


Today's guests are Hans Otto Frøland, Svein Richard Brandtzæg and Randi Holmestad. Frøland is one of the researchers working in the Fate of Nations project, which is based at NTNU and focused on the global history and political economy of natural resources. To see archival photographs related to the episode, check out this companion article in Norwegian SciTech News.


You can read more about the history of aluminium in Norway here:


From Warfare to Welfare: Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry (2012) Frøland, Hans Otto; Ingulstad, Mats

Akademika Forlag


Frøland, Hans Otto; Kobberrød, Jan Thomas. (2009) The Norwegian Contribution to Göring's Megalomania. Norway's Aluminium Industry during World War II. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium. vol. 42-43.


Frøland, Hans Otto. (2007) The Norwegian Aluminium Expansion Program in the Context of European integration, 1955-1975. Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium.


Gendron, Robin S.; Ingulstad, Mats; Storli, Espen. (2013) Aluminum Ore: The Political Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. University of British Columbia Press. 2013. ISBN 978-0-7748-2533-7.


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]]> Pirates, noblewomen and bicycling housewives Pirates, noblewomen and bicycling housewives Wed, 02 Mar 2022 16:13:03 GMT 32:05 621f978ff9fb1e0013df77d9 false https://shows.acast.com/63-degrees-north/episodes/pirates-noblewomen-and-bicycling-housewives 621f978ff9fb1e0013df77d9 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 pirates-noblewomen-and-bicycling-housewives How women won equality in Norway full 2 7 Why does Norway always rank among the top countries on the planet when it comes to gender equality? It didn't happen by accident. Instead, it took powerful medieval noblewomen, 19th century farmers’ wives, an early 20th century activist on a bicycle, and the feminists who emerged from the postwar baby boom. And yes, there is one Viking woman — but she’s not quite what you might think.


Our guests on today's show are Randi Bjørshol Wærdahl, Kari Melby and Marie-Laure Olivier.


You can read more about Gunnhild the Viking woman on this Wikipedia page about her.

There's also a comprehensive entry about Fredrikke Marie Qvam on Wikipedia.


Read more:


Wærdahl, Randi Bjørshol.2019: "Manndtz Nature vdj hindis hiertte" - Kvinner i krig og konflikt i nordisk senmiddelalder (Women in war and conflict in the Nordic late Middle Ages (in Norwegian). Collegium Medievale 2019 (2) s. 95-111


Kari Melby, Anna-Birte Ravn, Christina Carlsson Wetterberg (eds.), Gender equality and welfare politics in Scandinavia. The limits of political ambition? The Policy Press, Bristol, 2008 


Melby, Kari. (2006) Niels Finn Christiansen, Klaus Petersen, Nils Edling & Per Haave (eds.): The Nordic Model of Welfare - a Historical Reappraisal. Historisk Tidsskrift (Norge). vol. 85 (4).

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]]> Why does Norway always rank among the top countries on the planet when it comes to gender equality? It didn't happen by accident. Instead, it took powerful medieval noblewomen, 19th century farmers’ wives, an early 20th century activist on a bicycle, and the feminists who emerged from the postwar baby boom. And yes, there is one Viking woman — but she’s not quite what you might think.


Our guests on today's show are Randi Bjørshol Wærdahl, Kari Melby and Marie-Laure Olivier.


You can read more about Gunnhild the Viking woman on this Wikipedia page about her.

There's also a comprehensive entry about Fredrikke Marie Qvam on Wikipedia.


Read more:


Wærdahl, Randi Bjørshol.2019: "Manndtz Nature vdj hindis hiertte" - Kvinner i krig og konflikt i nordisk senmiddelalder (Women in war and conflict in the Nordic late Middle Ages (in Norwegian). Collegium Medievale 2019 (2) s. 95-111


Kari Melby, Anna-Birte Ravn, Christina Carlsson Wetterberg (eds.), Gender equality and welfare politics in Scandinavia. The limits of political ambition? The Policy Press, Bristol, 2008 


Melby, Kari. (2006) Niels Finn Christiansen, Klaus Petersen, Nils Edling & Per Haave (eds.): The Nordic Model of Welfare - a Historical Reappraisal. Historisk Tidsskrift (Norge). vol. 85 (4).

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]]> Old bones and modern germs Old bones and modern germs Wed, 16 Feb 2022 15:30:38 GMT 25:50 620d189e50a13e0013f54bb7 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 620d189e50a13e0013f54bb7 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 old-bones-and-modern-germs full 2 6 Trondheim, Norway’s first religious and national capital, has a rich history that has been revealed over decades of archaeological excavations. One question archaeologists are working on right now has a lot of relevance in during a pandemic: Can insight into the health conditions of the past shed light on pandemics in our own time? Now, with the help of old bones, latrine wastes and dental plaque, researchers are learning about how diseases evolved in medieval populations, and what society did to stem them — and how that might help us in the future.


Our guests for this episode were Axel Christophersen, a professor of historical archaeology at the NTNU University Museum; Tom Gilbert, a professor at the NTNU University Museum and head of the Center for Evolutionarly Hologenomics based at the University of Copenhagen; and Elisabeth Forrestad Swensen, a PhD candidate at the NTNU University Museum.

 

You can read more about the MedHeal research project on the project’s home page.

Here are some of the academic articles on medieval Trondheim related to the podcast:

 

Zhou Z, Lundstrøm I, Tran-Dien A, Duchêne S, Alikhan NF, Sergeant MJ, Langridge G, Fotakis AK, Nair S, Stenøien HK, Hamre SS, Casjens S, Christophersen A, Quince C, Thomson NR, Weill FX, Ho SYW, Gilbert MTP, Achtman M. Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia. Curr Biol. 2018 Aug 6;28(15):2420-2428.

 

Stian Suppersberger Hamre, Valérie Daux- Stable oxygen isotope evidence for mobility in medieval and post-medieval Trondheim, Norway,

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Vol. 8, 2016, pp 416-425,


 A transcript of the show is available here.

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]]> Trondheim, Norway’s first religious and national capital, has a rich history that has been revealed over decades of archaeological excavations. One question archaeologists are working on right now has a lot of relevance in during a pandemic: Can insight into the health conditions of the past shed light on pandemics in our own time? Now, with the help of old bones, latrine wastes and dental plaque, researchers are learning about how diseases evolved in medieval populations, and what society did to stem them — and how that might help us in the future.


Our guests for this episode were Axel Christophersen, a professor of historical archaeology at the NTNU University Museum; Tom Gilbert, a professor at the NTNU University Museum and head of the Center for Evolutionarly Hologenomics based at the University of Copenhagen; and Elisabeth Forrestad Swensen, a PhD candidate at the NTNU University Museum.

 

You can read more about the MedHeal research project on the project’s home page.

Here are some of the academic articles on medieval Trondheim related to the podcast:

 

Zhou Z, Lundstrøm I, Tran-Dien A, Duchêne S, Alikhan NF, Sergeant MJ, Langridge G, Fotakis AK, Nair S, Stenøien HK, Hamre SS, Casjens S, Christophersen A, Quince C, Thomson NR, Weill FX, Ho SYW, Gilbert MTP, Achtman M. Pan-genome Analysis of Ancient and Modern Salmonella enterica Demonstrates Genomic Stability of the Invasive Para C Lineage for Millennia. Curr Biol. 2018 Aug 6;28(15):2420-2428.

 

Stian Suppersberger Hamre, Valérie Daux- Stable oxygen isotope evidence for mobility in medieval and post-medieval Trondheim, Norway,

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Vol. 8, 2016, pp 416-425,


 A transcript of the show is available here.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Darwin had Galapagos finches. Norway has… house sparrows? Darwin had Galapagos finches. Norway has… house sparrows? Fri, 26 Feb 2021 08:22:10 GMT 25:14 6038afb274185c7496f1ef7c false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6038afb274185c7496f1ef7c 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 darwin-had-galapagos-finches-norway-has-house-sparrows full 1 5 The different species of Galapagos finches, with their specially evolved beaks that allow them to eat specific foods, helped Charles Darwin understand that organisms can evolve over time to better survive in their environment. 

Now, nearly 200 years later and thousands of miles away, biologists are learning some surprising lessons about evolution from northern Norwegian populations of the humble house sparrow (Passer domesticus).

Darwin’s finches evolved on the exotic, volcanic Galapagos Islands. NTNU’s house sparrows are dispersed over a group of 18 islands in Helgeland, in an archipelago that straddles the Arctic Circle.

Every summer since 1993, when NTNU Professor Bernt-Erik Sæther initiated the House Sparrow Project, a group of biologists has travelled to the islands collect data on the sparrows. They capture baby birds, measure different parts of their bodies, take a tiny blood sample, and then put a unique combination of coloured rings on their legs that help researchers identify the birds throughout their lifetime.

Those decades of research have given researchers information that can be helpful in managing threatened and endangered species. They have also done some experiments where they made evolution happen in real time — and then watched what happened when they let nature run its course.

And then there was the series of experiments where they learned more than you might want to know about sparrow dating preferences, and about rogue sparrow fathers who court exhausted sparrow mothers — and then fathered children with the cute little she-bird next door.

 

Our guests for today’s show were Henrik Jensen, Thor Harald Ringsby and Stefanie Muff.

 

You can find a transcript of the show here.

 

Selected academic and popular science articles:

 From NTNU’s online research magazine, Norwegian SciTech News:

Why aren’t house sparrows as big as geese?

Inbreeding detrimental for survival

Why house sparrows lay big and small eggs

 

On Darwin

Darwin, Charles (1859) On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Or, the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: J. Murray.

 Weiner, J. (2014). The beak of the finch: A story of evolution in our time. Random House.

Sulloway, F. J. (1982). Darwin and his finches: The evolution of a legend. Journal of the History of Biology, 15, 1-53.

 Sulloway, F. J. (1982). Darwin's conversion: the Beagle voyage and its aftermath. Journal of the History of Biology, 15,  325-396.

 

Academic articles from the House Sparrow Project:

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]]> The different species of Galapagos finches, with their specially evolved beaks that allow them to eat specific foods, helped Charles Darwin understand that organisms can evolve over time to better survive in their environment. 

Now, nearly 200 years later and thousands of miles away, biologists are learning some surprising lessons about evolution from northern Norwegian populations of the humble house sparrow (Passer domesticus).

Darwin’s finches evolved on the exotic, volcanic Galapagos Islands. NTNU’s house sparrows are dispersed over a group of 18 islands in Helgeland, in an archipelago that straddles the Arctic Circle.

Every summer since 1993, when NTNU Professor Bernt-Erik Sæther initiated the House Sparrow Project, a group of biologists has travelled to the islands collect data on the sparrows. They capture baby birds, measure different parts of their bodies, take a tiny blood sample, and then put a unique combination of coloured rings on their legs that help researchers identify the birds throughout their lifetime.

Those decades of research have given researchers information that can be helpful in managing threatened and endangered species. They have also done some experiments where they made evolution happen in real time — and then watched what happened when they let nature run its course.

And then there was the series of experiments where they learned more than you might want to know about sparrow dating preferences, and about rogue sparrow fathers who court exhausted sparrow mothers — and then fathered children with the cute little she-bird next door.

 

Our guests for today’s show were Henrik Jensen, Thor Harald Ringsby and Stefanie Muff.

 

You can find a transcript of the show here.

 

Selected academic and popular science articles:

 From NTNU’s online research magazine, Norwegian SciTech News:

Why aren’t house sparrows as big as geese?

Inbreeding detrimental for survival

Why house sparrows lay big and small eggs

 

On Darwin

Darwin, Charles (1859) On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Or, the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: J. Murray.

 Weiner, J. (2014). The beak of the finch: A story of evolution in our time. Random House.

Sulloway, F. J. (1982). Darwin and his finches: The evolution of a legend. Journal of the History of Biology, 15, 1-53.

 Sulloway, F. J. (1982). Darwin's conversion: the Beagle voyage and its aftermath. Journal of the History of Biology, 15,  325-396.

 

Academic articles from the House Sparrow Project:

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]]> <![CDATA[Not enough COVID-19 tests? No problem, we'll make them!]]> Fri, 19 Feb 2021 08:18:36 GMT 21:42 602f745de96005399fdfcbf4 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 602f745de96005399fdfcbf4 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 not-enough-covid-19-tests-no-problem-well-make-them full 1 4 Not enough COVID-19 tests? No problem, we’ll make some!

 

When the coronavirus first transformed from a weird respiratory disease centered in Wuhan, China to a global pandemic, no one was really prepared. Worldwide, no one had enough masks, personal protective gear and definitely — not enough tests.

 

The problem was especially acute in places like Norway, a small country that had to compete on a global market to get anything and everything. 

 

What happened when a molecular biologist, some engineers and a couple of PhDs and postdocs put their heads together to design a completely different kind of coronavirus test — and how it changed lives in India, Denmark and Nepal.  This last country was given coronavirus tests as NTNU’s annual Christmas gift, in coordination with a volunteer organization called NepalimedNorway.

 

Our guests on today’s show are Magnar Bjørås, Sulalit Bandyopadhyay, Vegar Ottesen, Anuvansh Sharma and Tonje Steigedal.


There's a transcript for today's show here.

 

You can read more in detail about the tests here: https://www.ntnu.edu/ntnu-covid-19-test

 

And here is a list of articles from NTNU and SINTEF’s online research magazine, Norwegian SciTech News:

 

NTNU’s new COVID-19 test to be used in India and Denmark

NTNU establishes a factory to produce coronavirus tests

From thousands of tiny balls to 150,000 tests per week

 

This episode was written, recorded, edited and produced by Nancy Bazilchuk. Sound design and editorial assistance from Randi Lillealtern at Historiebruket.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

]]> Not enough COVID-19 tests? No problem, we’ll make some!

 

When the coronavirus first transformed from a weird respiratory disease centered in Wuhan, China to a global pandemic, no one was really prepared. Worldwide, no one had enough masks, personal protective gear and definitely — not enough tests.

 

The problem was especially acute in places like Norway, a small country that had to compete on a global market to get anything and everything. 

 

What happened when a molecular biologist, some engineers and a couple of PhDs and postdocs put their heads together to design a completely different kind of coronavirus test — and how it changed lives in India, Denmark and Nepal.  This last country was given coronavirus tests as NTNU’s annual Christmas gift, in coordination with a volunteer organization called NepalimedNorway.

 

Our guests on today’s show are Magnar Bjørås, Sulalit Bandyopadhyay, Vegar Ottesen, Anuvansh Sharma and Tonje Steigedal.


There's a transcript for today's show here.

 

You can read more in detail about the tests here: https://www.ntnu.edu/ntnu-covid-19-test

 

And here is a list of articles from NTNU and SINTEF’s online research magazine, Norwegian SciTech News:

 

NTNU’s new COVID-19 test to be used in India and Denmark

NTNU establishes a factory to produce coronavirus tests

From thousands of tiny balls to 150,000 tests per week

 

This episode was written, recorded, edited and produced by Nancy Bazilchuk. Sound design and editorial assistance from Randi Lillealtern at Historiebruket.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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]]> The Longship that could help save the planet The Longship that could help save the planet Thu, 11 Feb 2021 19:28:28 GMT 29:07 6025855d27b0e80d841a605c false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 6025855d27b0e80d841a605c 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 the-longship-that-could-help-save-the-planet full 1 3 Everyone knows there’s just too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere — and we’re heating up the planet at an unprecedented pace.  

 More than 20 years ago, Norwegians helped pioneer an approach to dealing with CO2  that’s still ongoing today— they captured it and pumped it into a rock formation deep under the sea.  

 Now the Norwegian government is building on those decades of experience with a large-scale carbon capture and storage project called Longship.  

 Will it work? Is it safe? And is it something that other countries can benefit from, too? 

 Our guests for this episode were Olav Bolland, Philip Ringrose and Mona Mølnvik. 

 You can find the transcript of the episode here.


More resources/reading:  

 Olav Bolland’s book: 

Nord, Lars O.; Bolland, Olav. (2020) Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation. Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. 2020. ISBN 978-3-527-34753-7. 

 You can read the White Paper from the Norwegian government about the Longship project here. 

 Here’s a press release from 15 December 2020 that reports on the Norwegian Storting’s funding approval for the Longship project. 

 This link takes you to a transcript, in English, from the press conference from 21 September 2020 in which Norwegian officials announce the Longship plan. 

 Here’s the official website for the Longship CCS project. 

 You can read about the Norwegian CCS Research Centre that Mona Mølnvik is head of here. 

 An older, but still good video about Sleipner  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG5_WSXj1pI&t=271s 

  Philip Ringrose’s group’s most recent video 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAAb1S4bqks&t=28s 

  A e-lecture by Philip Ringrose about CCS 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eozVdrvejDs&t=400s 

  

 Selected popular science and scientific articles 

 If the world can capture carbon, there’s capacity to store it. Norwegian SciTech News, 13 December 2019 

 The world doesn’t realise how much we need CO2 storage. Norwegian SciTech News, 5 December 2016 

 Carbon capture and storage essential to reach climate target. Norwegian SciTech News, 7 April 2014

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-20/norway-drops-moon-landing-as-mongstad-carbon-capture-scrapped 


 Ringrose, Philip; Meckel, T A. (2019) Maturing global CO2 storage resources on offshore continental margins to achieve 2DS emissions reductions. Scientific Reports. 9 (1). 

 Grethe Tangen, Erik G.B. Lindeberg, Arvid Nøttvedt, Svein Eggen. (2014) 

Large-scale Storage of CO2 on the Norwegian Shelf Enabling CCS Readiness in Europe, Energy Procedia, vol. 51, pp.326-333 

 Mai Bui, Claire S. Adjiman, Andre Bardow et al. (2018) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): the way forward. Energy Environ. Sci . 11, 1062 

From the summary for policymakers, IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5C (2018): 

 

“All pathways that limit global warming to 1.5°C with limited or no overshoot project the use of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) on the order of 100–1000 GtCO2 over the 21st century. CDR would be used to compensate for residual emissions and, in most cases, achieve net negative emissions to return global warming to 1.5°C following a peak (high confidence). CDR deployment of several hundreds of GtCO2 is subject to multiple feasibility and sustainability constraints (high confidence). Significant near-term emissions reductions and measures to lower energy and land demand can limit CDR deployment to a few hundred GtCO2 without reliance on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) (high confidence).” 

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]]> Everyone knows there’s just too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere — and we’re heating up the planet at an unprecedented pace.  

 More than 20 years ago, Norwegians helped pioneer an approach to dealing with CO2  that’s still ongoing today— they captured it and pumped it into a rock formation deep under the sea.  

 Now the Norwegian government is building on those decades of experience with a large-scale carbon capture and storage project called Longship.  

 Will it work? Is it safe? And is it something that other countries can benefit from, too? 

 Our guests for this episode were Olav Bolland, Philip Ringrose and Mona Mølnvik. 

 You can find the transcript of the episode here.


More resources/reading:  

 Olav Bolland’s book: 

Nord, Lars O.; Bolland, Olav. (2020) Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation. Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. 2020. ISBN 978-3-527-34753-7. 

 You can read the White Paper from the Norwegian government about the Longship project here. 

 Here’s a press release from 15 December 2020 that reports on the Norwegian Storting’s funding approval for the Longship project. 

 This link takes you to a transcript, in English, from the press conference from 21 September 2020 in which Norwegian officials announce the Longship plan. 

 Here’s the official website for the Longship CCS project. 

 You can read about the Norwegian CCS Research Centre that Mona Mølnvik is head of here. 

 An older, but still good video about Sleipner  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG5_WSXj1pI&t=271s 

  Philip Ringrose’s group’s most recent video 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAAb1S4bqks&t=28s 

  A e-lecture by Philip Ringrose about CCS 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eozVdrvejDs&t=400s 

  

 Selected popular science and scientific articles 

 If the world can capture carbon, there’s capacity to store it. Norwegian SciTech News, 13 December 2019 

 The world doesn’t realise how much we need CO2 storage. Norwegian SciTech News, 5 December 2016 

 Carbon capture and storage essential to reach climate target. Norwegian SciTech News, 7 April 2014

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-20/norway-drops-moon-landing-as-mongstad-carbon-capture-scrapped 


 Ringrose, Philip; Meckel, T A. (2019) Maturing global CO2 storage resources on offshore continental margins to achieve 2DS emissions reductions. Scientific Reports. 9 (1). 

 Grethe Tangen, Erik G.B. Lindeberg, Arvid Nøttvedt, Svein Eggen. (2014) 

Large-scale Storage of CO2 on the Norwegian Shelf Enabling CCS Readiness in Europe, Energy Procedia, vol. 51, pp.326-333 

 Mai Bui, Claire S. Adjiman, Andre Bardow et al. (2018) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): the way forward. Energy Environ. Sci . 11, 1062 

From the summary for policymakers, IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5C (2018): 

 

“All pathways that limit global warming to 1.5°C with limited or no overshoot project the use of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) on the order of 100–1000 GtCO2 over the 21st century. CDR would be used to compensate for residual emissions and, in most cases, achieve net negative emissions to return global warming to 1.5°C following a peak (high confidence). CDR deployment of several hundreds of GtCO2 is subject to multiple feasibility and sustainability constraints (high confidence). Significant near-term emissions reductions and measures to lower energy and land demand can limit CDR deployment to a few hundred GtCO2 without reliance on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) (high confidence).” 

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]]> Viking raiders stole this box. But the real surprise is what they did with it! Viking raiders stole this box. But the real surprise is what they did with it! Thu, 04 Feb 2021 12:37:41 GMT 22:23 601bea9531245b206353be83 false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 601bea9531245b206353be83 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 viking-raiders-stole-this-box full 1 2 It’s no bigger than four decks of cards stacked one on top of the other — a tiny box raided from an Irish church. In Ireland, the box held the holy remains of a saint. What a mound of sand, some leftover nails and the box itself tell us about the Viking raiders who stole it — and what they did with it when they brought it back to Norway.

 

Our guests for this episode were Aina Heen-Pettersen, a PhD candidate at NTNU, and Griffin Murray, who is a lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at University College Cork.

 The reliquary itself is at NTNU’s University Museum in Trondheim. You can see it virtually if you register to view the museum’s Online Collections and search for “shrine”.

 A transcript of today’s show is available here.

Here are some of the academic articles on the reliquary research:

 

Heen-Pettersen, A. (2019). The Earliest Wave of Viking Activity? The Norwegian Evidence Revisited. European Journal of Archaeology, 22(4), 523-541. doi:10.1017/eaa.2019.19

 Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen. (2018) Objects from a distant place: transformation and use of Insular mounts from Viking-Age burials in Trøndelag, Central Norway. Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History. vol. 21.

Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen; Murray, Griffin. (2018) An Insular Reliquary from Melhus: The Significance of Insular Ecclesiastical Material in Early Viking- Age Norway. Medieval Archaeology. vol. 62 (1).

Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen. (2014) Insular artefacts from Viking-Age burials from mid-Norway. A review of contact between Trøndelag and Britain and Ireland. Internet Archaeology. vol. 38.


And here are the books that are mentioned in the podcast:


Brunning, S. (2019). The Sword in Early Medieval Northern Europe: Experience, Identity, Representation. Boydell & Brewer. doi:10.1017/9781787444560

 Etting, V. (2013) The Story of the Drinking Horn: Drinking Culture in Scandinavia During the Middle Ages

Volume 21 of Publications from the National Museum / Studies in archaeology & history: Publications from the National Museum, ISSN 0909-9506

 Lowenthal, D. (2015). The Past is a Foreign Country — Revisited. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139024884

A transcript of today’s show is available here.

 

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]]> It’s no bigger than four decks of cards stacked one on top of the other — a tiny box raided from an Irish church. In Ireland, the box held the holy remains of a saint. What a mound of sand, some leftover nails and the box itself tell us about the Viking raiders who stole it — and what they did with it when they brought it back to Norway.

 

Our guests for this episode were Aina Heen-Pettersen, a PhD candidate at NTNU, and Griffin Murray, who is a lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at University College Cork.

 The reliquary itself is at NTNU’s University Museum in Trondheim. You can see it virtually if you register to view the museum’s Online Collections and search for “shrine”.

 A transcript of today’s show is available here.

Here are some of the academic articles on the reliquary research:

 

Heen-Pettersen, A. (2019). The Earliest Wave of Viking Activity? The Norwegian Evidence Revisited. European Journal of Archaeology, 22(4), 523-541. doi:10.1017/eaa.2019.19

 Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen. (2018) Objects from a distant place: transformation and use of Insular mounts from Viking-Age burials in Trøndelag, Central Norway. Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History. vol. 21.

Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen; Murray, Griffin. (2018) An Insular Reliquary from Melhus: The Significance of Insular Ecclesiastical Material in Early Viking- Age Norway. Medieval Archaeology. vol. 62 (1).

Pettersen, Aina Margrethe Heen. (2014) Insular artefacts from Viking-Age burials from mid-Norway. A review of contact between Trøndelag and Britain and Ireland. Internet Archaeology. vol. 38.


And here are the books that are mentioned in the podcast:


Brunning, S. (2019). The Sword in Early Medieval Northern Europe: Experience, Identity, Representation. Boydell & Brewer. doi:10.1017/9781787444560

 Etting, V. (2013) The Story of the Drinking Horn: Drinking Culture in Scandinavia During the Middle Ages

Volume 21 of Publications from the National Museum / Studies in archaeology & history: Publications from the National Museum, ISSN 0909-9506

 Lowenthal, D. (2015). The Past is a Foreign Country — Revisited. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139024884

A transcript of today’s show is available here.

 

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]]> Shedding light — on the polar night Shedding light — on the polar night Wed, 27 Jan 2021 13:32:37 GMT 24:07 60116b76f5ed657fcbbcf53d false https://www.ntnu.edu/63-degrees-north 60116b76f5ed657fcbbcf53d 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 shedding-light-on-the-polar-night full 1 1 Krill eyeballs. The werewolf effect. Diel vertical migration. Arctic marine biologists really talk about these things.

 

There’s a reason for that — when it comes to the polar night, when humans see only velvety darkness, krill eyeballs see things a little differently. And when the sun has been gone for months, during the darkest periods of the polar night, the moon does unexpected things to marine organisms. Learn more about what biologists are figuring out about the workings of the polar night — and what it means at a time when the Arctic is warming at a breakneck pace.

 

Our guests for this episode were Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Laura Hobbs and Jonathan H. Cohen. You can see a transcript of the episode here.

 

Fridtjof Nansen’s book about his Arctic expedition is called Farthest North. You can also read about the other influences his pioneering journey had on science here.

 

You can also read about Geir Johnsen’s different research projects in a series of articles from Norwegian SciTech News.

 

The findings of the polar night team are so surprising that they actually wrote a textbook about it, edited by Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen and Jonathan H. Cohen. The book is titled Polar Night Marine Ecology: Life and Light in the Dead of Night.

 

Here are some of the scientific articles describing the polar night research:

 

Berge, J., Båtnes, A.S., Johnsen, G. et a. (2012) Bioluminescence in the high Arctic during the polar night. Mar Biol 159: 231-237 

 

Berge, J., Renaud, P. E., Darnis, G. et al. (2015) In the dark: A review of ecosystem processes during the Arctic polar night. Progress in Oceanography, 139: 258-271

 

Berge, J., Daase, M., Renaud, P.E. et al. (2015) Unexpected Levels of Biological Activity during the Polar Night Offer New Perspectives on a Warming Arctic Current Biology,

25, 2555-2561.

 

Cohen J.H., Berge J., Moline M.A. et al. (2015) Is Ambient Light during the High Arctic Polar Night Sufficient to Act as a Visual Cue for Zooplankton? PLoS ONE 10(6): e0126247. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126247

 

Ludvigsen, M., Berge, J., Geoffroy, M. et al. (2018) Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance. Science Advances 4: eaap9887

 

 Hobbs L, Cottier FR, Last KS, Berge J (2018) Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 605:61-72. 

 

Berge, Jørgen; Geoffroy, Maxime; Daase, Malin; Cottier, Finlo Robert; Priou, Pierre; Cohen, Jonathan H.; Johnsen, Geir; McKee, David; Kostakis, Ina; Renaud, Paul Eric; Vogedes, Daniel Ludwig; Anderson, Philip J.; Last, Kim S.; Gauthier, Stephane. (2020) Artificial light during the polar night disrupts Arctic fish and zooplankton behavior down to 200 m depth. Communications Biology. 3 (102),  10.1038/s42003-020-0807-6

 

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]]> Krill eyeballs. The werewolf effect. Diel vertical migration. Arctic marine biologists really talk about these things.

 

There’s a reason for that — when it comes to the polar night, when humans see only velvety darkness, krill eyeballs see things a little differently. And when the sun has been gone for months, during the darkest periods of the polar night, the moon does unexpected things to marine organisms. Learn more about what biologists are figuring out about the workings of the polar night — and what it means at a time when the Arctic is warming at a breakneck pace.

 

Our guests for this episode were Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen, Laura Hobbs and Jonathan H. Cohen. You can see a transcript of the episode here.

 

Fridtjof Nansen’s book about his Arctic expedition is called Farthest North. You can also read about the other influences his pioneering journey had on science here.

 

You can also read about Geir Johnsen’s different research projects in a series of articles from Norwegian SciTech News.

 

The findings of the polar night team are so surprising that they actually wrote a textbook about it, edited by Jørgen Berge, Geir Johnsen and Jonathan H. Cohen. The book is titled Polar Night Marine Ecology: Life and Light in the Dead of Night.

 

Here are some of the scientific articles describing the polar night research:

 

Berge, J., Båtnes, A.S., Johnsen, G. et a. (2012) Bioluminescence in the high Arctic during the polar night. Mar Biol 159: 231-237 

 

Berge, J., Renaud, P. E., Darnis, G. et al. (2015) In the dark: A review of ecosystem processes during the Arctic polar night. Progress in Oceanography, 139: 258-271

 

Berge, J., Daase, M., Renaud, P.E. et al. (2015) Unexpected Levels of Biological Activity during the Polar Night Offer New Perspectives on a Warming Arctic Current Biology,

25, 2555-2561.

 

Cohen J.H., Berge J., Moline M.A. et al. (2015) Is Ambient Light during the High Arctic Polar Night Sufficient to Act as a Visual Cue for Zooplankton? PLoS ONE 10(6): e0126247. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126247

 

Ludvigsen, M., Berge, J., Geoffroy, M. et al. (2018) Use of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle reveals small-scale diel vertical migrations of zooplankton and susceptibility to light pollution under low solar irradiance. Science Advances 4: eaap9887

 

 Hobbs L, Cottier FR, Last KS, Berge J (2018) Pan-Arctic diel vertical migration during the polar night. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 605:61-72. 

 

Berge, Jørgen; Geoffroy, Maxime; Daase, Malin; Cottier, Finlo Robert; Priou, Pierre; Cohen, Jonathan H.; Johnsen, Geir; McKee, David; Kostakis, Ina; Renaud, Paul Eric; Vogedes, Daniel Ludwig; Anderson, Philip J.; Last, Kim S.; Gauthier, Stephane. (2020) Artificial light during the polar night disrupts Arctic fish and zooplankton behavior down to 200 m depth. Communications Biology. 3 (102),  10.1038/s42003-020-0807-6

 

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]]> Sneak peak Sneak peak Wed, 20 Jan 2021 09:10:30 GMT 2:49 6007f3862ebe6570cd954694 false https://www.ntnu.edu/podcast 6007f3862ebe6570cd954694 6007ebf7f983a73284ec8ef0 sneak-peak trailer 1

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