Part V

The story of false treaties, the First Italo-Ethiopian War – and the battle of Adwa.

Featuring: Menelik II; Ethiopia; Italy; Tigray; Amharic; King Umbreto II; Addis

Ababa; Adwa; Eritrea; and much more

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Part iv

The history of the Ethiopian ruling dynasty. Ethiopia’s link to Orthodox

Christianity, King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.

Reference list will be provided with the last episode of this series.

Featuring: Menelik II; Abyssinia; Ethiopia; Italy; Haile Selassie; Yohannes IV;

King Solomon; Queen of Sheba; Menelik I; Orthodox Christianity; Mount

Entoto; and much more

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We provide a quick-look summary of the history Christianity in North Africa.

The rest and the big part of the episode looks at how the Date for Christmas Day was

chosen.

Featuring: Tertullian; Christmas; Gregorian Calendar; Rome; Augustus; Perpetua;

Clement of Alexandria; Origen of Alexandria; Marcion; Ethiopia; Eastern Orthodox

Church; Cyprian, Athanasius and Augustine of Hippo; and much more.

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Part iii

On this episode, Italy and Ethiopian fight over Eritrea.

Ethiopian engages in Holy War. Italy fails to accomplish her goals in the battlefield.

The Bibliography (Further Reading List) will come with the last episode of the

Ethiopia Defeats Italy series

Featuring: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Italy; Esma’il Pasha; the Madhi; Mahummad Ahmad

Abd Allah; Yohannes IV; Menelik II; Battle of Dogali; and much more

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Part ii

This is the second episode of our Ethiopia Defeats Italy mini-series.

Who is Isma’il Pasha? And how did his actions eventually lead to a dishonest

agreement between Britain and Ethiopia – an agreement that would see both

Ethiopia and Italy promised Eretrea at the same time.

How can that not lead into a clash.

A Further Reading List for this mini-series will be published with the last

episode of the series.

Featuring: Ethiopia; Italy; Yohannes IV; France; Britain; Eretrea; Isma’il

Pasha the Magnificent; the Madhi; and much more

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Part i

This is the first episode of our mini-series on the First Italo-Ethiopian War.

How come is Ethiopia’s victory against Italy in this war not well-known?

Many people know that Ethiopia was never colonised (though, that is not

100% true). However they do not know about the war and the victory that

contributed to Ethiopia remaining independent from colonisation.

A Further Reading List will be provided with the last episode of the Ethiopia

Defeats Italy mini-series.

Featuring: Italy; Ethiopia; Emperor Menelik II; Haile Selasie; Mussolini;

Horn of Africa; Red Sea; and much more

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On this Quickie episode, we tell the story of the 2 nd President and ruler of the

Central African Republic. It is a gripping story, filled with strange happenings

and deeds. But, ultimately, it is a sad story of too much power, greed,

corruption, and incompetence.

Featuring: Jean-Bedel Bokassa; Central African Republic; France; Napoleon;

Christianity; and much more

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African Religions

On this quickie episode we define and discuss the status indigenous religions

in Africa.

Featuring: Indigenous African religions; Christianity; Islam; and much more

Further Reading:

1. Britannica. African Religions.

Https://www.britannica.com/topic/African-religions

2. Olupona, J. 2015. The Spirituality of Africa. The Harvard Gazette.

https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/10/the-spirituality-of-africa/

3. Van Beek, W.E.A. 2020. African Indigenous Religions. Oxford

Research Encyclopaedias. (published March 2020)

4. Van Klinken, A; Ndzovu, H.J; & Grillo, L.S. 2019. Religions in

Contemporary Africa: An Introduction. Published by Routlegde

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Africa

This episodes tells the story of the Arabic conquest of the territory of North Africa.

Listen to find out how the conquest took place; what was the theological basis for the early Islamic conquests; how large the extent of the conquest was…and much much more.

Featuring: Islam; the Berbers; Byzantine Empire; Persian Empire; Iran;Turkey, Roman Empire; and much more

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On this quickie episode we discuss the Bamum script of Cameroon: how was it created; how was it lost; AND what is being done to restore it.

The Bamum Scripts and Archives Project website:https://eap.bl.uk/project/EAP051/search

Featuring: Cameroon; Bamum script; the Tikar; the Mbum; the British; the French; King Njoya; and much more

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This episode summarises the almost mythical relationship between Ancient

Nubia and Ancient Egypt.

However, this relationship didn’t only exist in ancient times.

Featuring: Nubia; Egypt; Kush; Mahdi; Akhenaten: Britain; and much more

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Development

This is our first episode under the banner of Essays to Africa. We therefore

begin the episode by explaining the concept of Essays to Africa.

We then go to provide some introduction and background to the topic of

Democracy vs Economic Development. We provide a summary of Africa’s

dire economic development situation. This is followed by a background

discussion on the topic of Democracy and why we have chosen to juxtapose

Democracy and economic development into one topic.

The Democracy vs Economic Development topic will continue on the next

episode.

Featuring: Democracy; Dictatorship; One-party state; Soviet Union; USA;

Africa; Free-market system; and much more

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Egypt

Cleopatra is a legendary figure; larger than life, in fact. We do our best to tell

her story. While bearing in mind that her story is too big to be told in one

episode.

We cover her times, and her world. The figures who made an impact on her

life – figures like Caesar and Augustus – also made more than just a splash

on world history.

All hail, the Queen of the Nile!!

Featuring: Julius Caesar; Marc Anthony; Augustus; Cleopatra Selene; Rome;

Egypt;

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Europe

On this episode we take a detour and head over to Europe. Wecover the key

people who played a part in establishing Christianity in Europe. These are

people who are today not very known by ordinary Christians. For the most

part, the individuals we cover are kings an rulers. Their conversion to

Christianity, being that this was medieval Europe, meant that the people they

ruled over converted as well.

Starring: Martin Luther; Catholic Church; Charlamagne; Clovis; The Franks;

The Rus; Vladimir the 3rd; Buddism; Islam; Frederick the 3 rd ; Guthrum;

Vikings; and many more

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Judaism and Christianity

This is the third episode of our mini-series on the story of Christianity and Africa.

On this episode we continue with the story of Abraham and his Descendants.

We explore further the Promise between the Jewish People and God. But can

the Jewish people keep their side of this Promise?

We continue to discuss the chaos and conflicts in Canaan.

We discuss the Council of Nicaea, the Nicene Creed and the Apostles Creed.

We introduce the debates between the Founding Fathers of Christianity about

the nature of Jesus Christ.

Starring: Abraham; Marcian; Constantine the Great; Solomon; King David;

Manessah; Moses; Nicene Creed; Council of Nicaea; Apostle’s Creed; and

much more

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This is the 2nd episode of our mini-series on the story of Christianity and

Africa.

This time we get deeper to the roots of Judaism.

We also provide a detailed look at the story of Hanukkah

We begin to explore the nature of Judaism’s understanding of the relationship

the Jewish people and God.

For instance, in the First or Old Testament, there are a lot of verses where

God is a egging on the Israelites to take over Canaan. Admittedly this

takeover is not peaceful. There were people already living in Canaan when

Canaan was promised to the Jewish people, as Judaism believes that this

promise exists.

Starring: Simon Sebag Montefiore; Bart D Ehrman; Abraham; Judaism;

Christianity; Islam; Ethiopia; Egypt; Cleopatra; Antiochus Epiphanes;

Alexander the Great; Cyrus The Great; Babylon; Persia…and many more

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This is the very first episode of our mini-series on the story of Christianity and

Africa.

We explain why we are starting with Christianity, in our eventual objective to

go through all the significant religions in Africa.

We lay the foundation for our mini-series, by explaining the foundational

tenets of Judaism. We explain that in order to discuss Christianity and even

Islam, Judaism needs to be explained first. Judaism is the foundation for both

Christianity and Islam.

We briefly introduce the geographical area on which the story of the

foundation of Judaism and Christianity occurred. What kind of area was it?

We provide a high level overview of the historical sources we will be using for

the mini-series.

Starring: Josephus; Philo; Tacitus; Judaism; Christianity; Islam; Isiah; David;

Solomon…and many more

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Two

We continue to discuss The Democratic Republic of the Congo – and the

story of Lumumba and Mobutu. We provide a comparison of these two men.

How did each of their individual political-outlook develop? We begin to look at

the basis of their rivalry. Lumumba gains the fear and hatred of Belgium and

the West. Lumumba starts go get paranoid about Western motives.

Starring: The DRC; Patrice Lumumba; Joseph Mobutu; Katanga; Lisala;

Belgium; MNC party; King Baudouin; Belgium; The USSR; The USA; Joseph

Kasa-Vubu; King Leopold II; & many more.

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We continue to look at the nature of History sources. They say History was

written by winners. But does that mean that its incorrect? How can you decide

if a history source could be used. We present five points you can use to judge

history writings. These points are not the only factors one can use to weigh

history sources. But for the purposes of this episode, we feel they suffice.

Starring: Colonialism; Missionaries; Huns; Romans; the Chinese; Barbarians;

Nomads; Greeks; and much much more.

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Carthage

For a while now we have been teasing the Rome and Carthage discussion.

We have done so in our three articles on Xenophobia (see our website:

www.africancampfirestories.com ), and also on Episode 1 of this series.

So it is about time that we truly get into the story of Rome versus Carthage. Find

out what were some of the reasons for hatred between these two very

powerful and seminal states of ancient times.

Starring: Cato The Elder; Roman Republic; Carthage; Hannibal; Scipio

Afrikanus; Mago; Hasdrubal; Tunisai; Hamilcar Barca; and many many more.

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We continue to discuss The Democratic Republic of the Congo. We talk about

the chaos in The DRC. We talk more about Lumumba. We introduce and

explain the Evolues. We discuss the problem of tribalism in The DRC. We

introduce the Lumumba-Mobutu dynamic.

Starring: DRC; Evolues; Kasai; Patrice Lumumba; Mobutu; Katanga;

Belgium; MNC; CONAKAT; and much much more

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“Until lions have their historians, tales of the hunt shall always glorify the

hunters”….these are words are from an African Proverb.

This is the first episode on the topic of How Is History Written. This short

series will explore the nature of history sources. And various other points like:

How do Historians write History? What sources are available for the writing of

History? How to decide if history sources are legitimate

Starring: Herodotus; Africa; History; Julius Caesar; Alexandra The Great;

Persepolis; Mongols; and much much more

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Fear and Mistrust.

This episode tackles the issue of rumors in times of crisis. There were a lot of

rumors during the xenophobic attacks in South Africa. But there were rumors

during the French Revolution as well. There were rumors in Rwanda. Rumors

are capable of spreading crisis like xenophobia.

Starring: Rwanda; Rwandan Revolution; Rumors; World War One; Austrian

Empire; the Nazis; Charles Taylor; Sierra Leone; and much much more

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The DRC eventually gains its independence from Belgium, after a superlative

resistance. Then…chaos ensures in the country. The Belgian army is left in

the DRC, in order to ensure smooth transition to freedom and independence.

But then this army begins to do the opposite of what it is meant to do. It finds

a way to be a force for evil, by collaborating with the forces in the DRC that

want to break away from the country.

Lumumba becomes Prime Minister. He tries to hold the country together. He

asks for help from the USA, the UN and the USSR. But no one is offering

help. African countries are not helping the DRC either. All they do is to talk –

talk that is constricting the options that Lumumba has for acquiring economic

help. In this episode we welcome Mobutu. He steps in the scene by

inhumanely crushes resistance against the central government.

Starring: Mobutu; Lumumba; Kasa-Vubu; Kasai; Canada; United Kingdom;

USA; USSR; Katanga; Albert Kalonji; Moise Tshombe; MNC-K; CONAKAT;

President John F Kennedy; and many more

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On this episode we introduce the Xenophobia and Hatred series. We provide

you with many heart-rending backgrounds/intros - including stories about

Greece, Rome, Carthage, and South Africa – and people like Cato, Julius

Ceaser, Napoleon Bonaparte, Alexander The Great, the Persians, etc. We

define xenophobia. We talk about Turkey, the Ottoman Empire, the

Crusaders, Salah ad-Din, Armenia, and even….wait for it…Kim Kardashian!

Starring: Cato The Elder; Cato The Younger; Rome; Carthage; Hitler; Nazis;

IFP; ANC; Nelson Mandela; Oliver Tambo; Greece; Sparta; and many more

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This is our very first episode of the Cold War Pawns’ series that delves into an

African country. And that African country is The Democratic Republic of the

Congo. On this episode we begin discussing the history of The DRC.

Starring: The Berlin Congress; Scramble for Africa; Leopold the Second;

Congo Free State; Belgian Congo; and much much more

Image to be used: The Blue Flag of The Congo Free State and Map Showing

Were DRC is located, and surrounding countries.

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This is our second Special Episode. Listen to the episode to find out what our

Special Episodes will entail.

This episode might make you lose sleep at night. You will find out that the

people that are supposed to protect the world from nuclear war are a cause

for concern.

This episode covers the follies and comedies of the USA and USSR

intelligence agencies – specifically the CIA and the KGB. We look at the many

times when nuclear war between the USA and USSR nearly occurred. The

world as we know it would not exist had that nuclear line been crossed. Plus

we cover many other flops, follies and comedies committed by the USA and

USSR intelligence services.

Starring: CIA; KGB; Spies; Pope John Paul the Second; Fidel Castro;

Nuclear scares; Incompetent intelligence agents; Drunken agents; The Mafia;

and many more

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Intervention in Africa

This episode discusses, in a high level, African colonisation and the fight for

African independence. We tackle the Berlin Congress, which was used by

North American and European countries to split up Africa between

themselves. Once freedom came in Africa, problems started to arise.

Tribalism among African natives. Foreign interference by former colonial

powers. Genocide. Corruption. Civil War. Was the Cold War good for Africa?

Listen to this episode and find out.

Starring: Germany; Ghana; Mahatma Gandhi; The Berlin Congress;

Colonisation; African Independence; Tribalism; African Civil Wars; and much

much more

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This episode covers Iran and its oil and the Cold War. Britain and the USSR

invade Iran. Then Britain leaves Iran, but Stalin refuses to leave. The CIA

executes a coup in Iran. We also venture into the Americas, and talk about

the story of Cuba. The Cuban Revolution. Fidel Castro. Che Guevara. The

USSR sends nuclear weapons to Cuba. US President Kennedy responds by

illegally stopping USSR ships headed to Cuba.

Starring: Britain; The Russian Empire; Iran; Cuba; Mohammad Mosaddegh;

the Shah; John F Kennedy; Nikita Khrushchev; Fidel Castro; Che Guevara;

Bay of Pigs; Cuban Missile Crisis; Joseph Stalin; and many more

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War

We look the conferences that took place between Roosevelt, Stalin and

Churchill. Germany is split into Western portion and USSR portion. Berlin is

split into East and West. The USSR blockades the West from Berlin. The

Communists take power in North Korea. In the Korean War, the USA supports

South Korea. China and the USSR support North Korea.

Starring: France; The Berlin Blockade; North Korea; South Korea; Mao

Zedong; Joseph Stalin; Kim Il-Sung; Kim Jong-un; West Germany; East

Germany; and many more

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Today’s episode goes to Asia. We look at the History of China, in as far as the

Cold War is concerned. China’s war against itself. The Chinese Civil War.

War between China and Japan. China’s relationship with the USSR. China’s

Relationship with the USA. The Communists take power in China.

Starring: China; Japan; Chinese Civil War; the Kuomintang; Mao Zedong;

Chiang Kai-Shek; Joseph Stalin; and many more

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Intervention in Africa

This is our very first Special Episode. On this Episode we take a break from

our Cold War Pawns series, to give you a little history of the USA and

Russia’s involvement in Africa before the Cold War.

Starring: Liberia; Morocco; Berbers; Barbary Wars; Thomas Jefferson; James

Madison; Anton Bakov; Gambia; Muhammed the Third; and much much more

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We continue to look at the growing conflict between the USA and the USSR.

We look the conferences that took place between Roosevelt, Stalin and

Churchill. Then, first Roosevelt dies and then Hitler follows. World War Two

ends. Both the USA and the USSR develop nuclear bombs. Harry Truman

becomes US president. The Communists take power in China.

Starring: Mao Zedong; Chiang Kai-Shek; Communist Party of China; the

Nuclear Bomb; Yalta Conference; League of Nations; United Nations; Tehran

Conference; and many others

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Paranoia reigns between the Western Allies (the USA and Britain) and the

USSR. The countries allied against Adolf Hitler’s Germany meet to reach

agreements; but those agreements are not kept. There are problems with

Poland. Hitler finally dies. Who or what can now keep the USA and the USSR

together now?

Starring: Poland; Adolf Hitler; Germany; Second World War, Soviet Polish

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The USA and the USSR cross-paths. The relationship started from shaky

ground from the very beginning. They were very different countries, with

different outlooks. Maybe they would have never managed to get along. We

see Winston Churchill as one of the key instigators of anti-Communism and

anti-USSR sentiments.

Starring: Britain; Pearl Harbour; Japan; USSR Civil War; Vladimir Lenin; Red

Scare; Winston Churchill; Joseph Stalin; Franklin Roosevelt; and many others

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In this episode of our Cold War Pawns series, we explain why we feel that a

lot of background on the Cold War is required. We state that is it possible for

the Cold War era intervention by the USA and the USSR to be viewed as

being similar to the colonial era. We talk about some Cold War events.

Starring: Vietnam, Greece, Turkey Joseph Stalin, NATO, Molotov Pact, US

President Harry Truman, US President Dwight Eisenhower, Leonid Brezhnev,

Molotov, and many others.

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Pawns Series

This is the very first episode of the African Camp Fire Stories Podcast’s very

first topic, called Cold War Pawns. We introduce the Cold War Pawns’ series.

We explain the Cold War. We explain what we mean by the title of the series.

We provide a summary of the countries and the leaders we will cover in the

Cold War Pawn series, both in Africa and internationally.

Starring: the USSR; the USA; the Cold War; The Democratic Republic of the

Congo; Che Guevara; and many more.

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We would like to welcome you to this podcast. The podcast will focus on

African history stories and African historical events.

This episode is the very first ever episode of the African Camp Fire Stories

Podcast. In this episode we introduce the Podcast; and how the podcast will

be structured.

Starring: African History; Africa.

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