The RIPE Labs Podcast

The Technical Impact of Rapid-Response Blocking: Italy’s Piracy Shield

Mon, 26 Jan 2026 08:07:01 GMT

In our latest episode, Raffaele Sommese of the University of Twente shares insights from him and his colleagues on Italy’s Piracy Shield and how rapid-response blocking works in practice. We get into the technical impact, how it can be measured, and the consequences for connectivity.

Raffaele is assistant professor at University of Twente’s Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science. For more details on the research he and his colleagues carried out on this topic, check out their academic paper on the impact of Piracy Shield or read the summarised version on RIPE Labs: Live-Event Blocking at Scale: Effectiveness vs. Collateral Damage in Italy’s Piracy Shield.

00:20 - Piracy Shield on the AGCOM website

00:50 - Read more about cases where Cloudflare and Google were blocked by Piracy Shield. Since recording this episode, things have escalated, with Cloudflare recently having threatened to pull out of Italy after receiving fines issued by AGCOM.

05:10 - Some background on the law behind Piracy Shield

10:20 - Watch Raffaele's talk on this topic from RIPE 91 (Bucharest, October 2025)

16:40 - AGCOM website for checking blocked resources and an alternative page run by Infotech (an Italian ISP)

42:30 - A 2025 article on anti-piracy developments in Spain

46:50 - More on Piracy Shield's expansion to TV

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

ICP-2 In Review: Charting the RIR Lifecycle

Thu, 09 Oct 2025 07:45:29 GMT

ICP-2 lays out the criteria for the recognition of new RIRs. But what about the rest of the lifecycle of the organisations that coordinate the allocation and public registration of unique IP numbers? In this episode, Andrei Robachevsky of the NRO NC talks about the ICP-2 review.

In November 2023, the NRO EC requested that the ASO AC "review and consider improvements to ICP-2". The NRO NC (in its role as ASO AC - see notes on organisations and acronyms below) thereby began a comprehensive review of the original document and put together a process for the creation of an updated ICP-2 through open consultation with the community. Having reached step seven in that process, the NRO NC is now receiving community feedback on version 2 of the draft RIR Governance Document (until 7 November 2025). The entire ICP-2 review process has been documented in detail in the ICP-2 section over on the NRO NC website.

A note on organisations and acronyms

ICP-2: 'Internet Coordination Policy 2: Criteria for Establishment of New Regional Internet Registries' - document published and accepted by the ICANN Board of Directors in 2001.

RIRs: The Regional Internet Registries; who coordinate the allocation and public registration of unique IP addresses and AS numbers for their service regions:

RIPE NCC: Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre (est. 1992)
APNIC: Asia Pacific Network Information Centre (est. 1993)
ARIN: American Registry for Internet Numbers (est. 1997)
LACNIC: Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses Registry (est. 2002)
AFRINIC: African Network Information Centre (est. 2004)

ICANN (est. 1998): The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers; oversees the global allocation of domain names and unique Internet numbers; delegates these resources to the RIRs in its IANA function.

IANA: The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority; originally Jon Postel; now a function carried out by ICANN.

NRO: The Number Resource Organisation; coordinating body for the five RIRs.

NRO EC: The NRO Executive Council; executive body for the NRO; composed of five members, one from each RIR.

NRO NC: The NRO Number Council; fills the role of ASO AC for ICANN; composed of fifteen members, three from each RIR community.

ASO: The Address Supporting Organisation; advises the ICANN Board on global IP address policies.

ASO AC: The ASO Address Council; role within ICANN's ASO to ensure the proper implementation of global policy development process across the RIR regions; filled by the NRO NC.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Break Ground! Plant Seeds! Rewild the Internet!

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 13:36:18 GMT

The Internet has long been fertile ground for innovative technologies to grow and openly compete. But having emerged out of these conditions, certain services and the companies that offer them have come to dominate and stifle the very diversity that made their existence possible. Our guest in the episode of the RIPE Labs podcast, Maria Farrell, talks about why we must - and how we can - rewild the Internet.

Show notes:

00:00 - Find out more about our excellent guest, Maria Farrell

02:26 - Maria at RIPE 90

05:48 - More about Seeing Like a State by James C. Scott

07:15 - Find out more about Robin Berjon

08:46 - We Need to Rewind the Internet by Maria Farrell and Robin Berjon

11:36 - Meredith Whittaker speaking at CCC

16:32 - Leslie Daigle's The Internet Invariants ...and Leslie at RIPE 90

20:10 - RFC 9518 'Centralization, Decentralization, and Internet Standards'

21:30 - Hisham Ibrahim on RIPE Labs

28:55 - Cory Doctorow on competitive compatibility ("comcom")

37:45 - Interview with Jonathan Kanter on Big Tech, Antitrust Laws, and the Future of AI

43:20 - On Ireland's relationship with U.S. tech

51:45 - Anna Wilson at RIPE 90 It's ok to be smaller: how to not get overwhelmed

52:10 - Bert Hubert on European cloud

52:18 - Meredith Whittaker on the end of big tech

01:00:48: - Bert Hubert on open source alternatives to big tech services

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Internet Is Not What You Think It Is

Wed, 11 Jun 2025 08:45:05 GMT

What is “the Internet”? And why is it not just our access to a search engine or our favourite social media platform? In this episode, Hisham Ibrahim, RIPE NCC’s Chief Community Officer, breaks down the layers of the Internet ecosystem, explains what a stable and resilient Internet means, and clarifies the difference between digital governance and Internet governance.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Making Digital Sustainability Make Sense

Wed, 30 Apr 2025 09:26:11 GMT

The digital infrastructure we're all so dependent on has a negative - and growing - impact on the environment. In this episode, Michael Oghia talks about strategies for breaking down the big problem of digital sustainability, strategies for building a more efficient Internet, and challenges that come with the adoption of more sustainable practices.

Show notes

01:40 - Michael on RIPE Labs

08:20 - Our World in Data gives similar numbers for the % of global carbon emissions from the aviation industry, as does this broader report from the European parliament.

11:00 - E-waste dumps in Ghana

11:10 - Map of conflict mineral mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

11:27 - Article from the Guardian on projected energy demands from AI data centres

12:50 - Article on using 'waste heat' as a source of power

13:20 - Michael RIPE Labs article on refurbishment as a strategy for digital sustainability

15:30 - Michael's RIPE Labs article on Why Small and Medium-Size Operators Should Care About Sustainability

17:15 - Read more about the origins of the term 'carbon footprint' in this nice piece by Tom Greenwood

37:05 - The resources Michael is pointing us to here are available via the same article: Why Small and Medium-Size Operators Should Care About Sustainability

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

How the Internet Routed Around Damage in the Baltic Sea

Mon, 31 Mar 2025 08:34:31 GMT

When two Internet cables in the Baltic Sea were reported as broken last November, researchers at the RIPE NCC turned to RIPE Atlas to examine the damage. In this episode, Emile Aben discusses what his analysis uncovered about the impact of these and similar incidents in the months that followed, and how the Internet remained resilient against them.

Show notes

00:44 - TeleGeography build and maintain massive data sets that are used to monitor, forecast, and map the telecommunications industry. Their submarine cable map is a valuable resource in tracking Internet cable incidents.

00:52 - Some early reports on these incidents from Mobile Europe, Reuters, The Register

01:08 - Visual guide from the Guardian exploring circumstances surrounding incidents in the Baltic Sea.

01:13 - RIPE Atlas

01:36 - On RIPE Labs: Does the Internet Route Around Damage? - Baltic Sea Cable Cuts; A Deep Dive Into the Baltic Sea Cable Cuts

02:13 - First episode of the RIPE Labs podcast: Measuring Damage on the Internet

03:14 - Emile's earlier articles on the Ukraine: The Ukrainian Internet

05:25 - RIPE Atlas anchors

12:40 - Help expand RIPE Atlas coverage! Learn more about what's involved in hosting a RIPE Atlas anchor.

27:05 - The Internet in North Korea - Hanging by a Single Thread?

32:50 - Lord Kelvin said both that "To measure is to know" and "If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it".

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Who Governs Cyberspace?

Mon, 03 Feb 2025 10:40:56 GMT

In this episode, we dive deep into the evolving world of cyberspace and international cybersecurity law with Francesca Bosco from the CyberPeace Institute. As digital threats grow in complexity, how are governments and policymakers responding? What role does civil society play in internet governance? And can a multistakeholder approach truly bridge the gap between technical expertise and legislative frameworks?

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Detecting Cyber Threats to Critical Systems

Thu, 19 Dec 2024 09:55:44 GMT

It is no longer unusual for Operational Technology systems to be connected to IT systems and the Internet, but this leaves them increasingly open to cyber threats. Daniel Kapellmann, Security Engineering Manager at Google Threat Intelligence, talks about how convergence of OT with IT systems amplifies risk and what’s involved in detecting threats.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Embracing Neurodiversity in the Internet Community

Tue, 26 Nov 2024 07:28:12 GMT

Overcoming the various challenges involved in keeping the Internet running calls for different ways of thinking about those challenges. In this episode, Rob Lister talks to us about how and why the technical community can and should embrace neurodiversity.

Back in May 2024 at RIPE 88, Rob Lister (Senior Network Engineer at LONAP) opened up to the community about his experience of having been diagnosed with ADHD during COVID. We talked more about how the Internet community can support neurodiverse individuals and how communication and awareness are key.

Rob was kind enough to share some useful references and resources for interested listeners:

Dolan, E (2024): Anendophasia: Scientists uncover the weird cognitive impact of life without an inner voice
ADHD Adult Self-Screening Tool
ADHD and work - ideas for workplace accommodations.

For events

Sunflower Lanyards from hidden disabilities
"Social battery" pin badge - loads of version including this fancy LED badge.

Books

Channing, C (2020): The First Minute: How to Start Conversations That Get Results (alternatively, you can also get it here)
Channing, C (2022): Effective Emails: The Secret to Straightforward Communication at Work (alternative here)
Archer, D (2016): The ADHD Advantage: What You Thought Was a Diagnosis May Be Your Greatest Strength
Shankman, P (2017): Faster Than Normal: Turbocharge Your Focus, Productivity, and Success with the Secrets of the ADHD Brain
Maskell, L (2022): ADHD an A-Z
Banks, A (2021): Going Official! On getting a diagnosis of adult ADHD, and what to do with it

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Patching Internet Vulnerabilities with RPKI

Thu, 10 Oct 2024 11:00:52 GMT

The White House recently announced plans to boost Internet routing security in the US through better RPKI coverage. So how does RPKI help secure BGP? How easy is it to boost coverage on a national level? And what's the future potential of the infrastructure? Our guest Tim Bruijnzeels shares his views.

Tim is Principal Software Engineer for RPKI at the RIPE NCC and has worked in standards development and software implementation around RPKI for well over a decade. He talked to us about where RPKI is at today, how governments can and have aided its adoption, and how work being done on ASPA and BGPsec promise a more secure future for the Internet.

Show notes:

02:40 - The Dublin IETF meeting back in 2008.

03:17 - Tim has contributed to a number of RFCs over the years.

03:40 - NLnet Labs develops free, liberally licensed, open-source software for DNS and BGP routing.

03:50 - Krill is a free, open source RPKI Certificate Authority developed by NLnet Labs that lets you run delegated RPKI under one or multiple RIRs.

07:24 - You can read more on how the Internet routes around damage on RIPE Labs.

10:47 - Get more information on how to manage ROAs through the RPKI Dashboard.

11:36 - Check out the RIPE NCC's Routing Information Service (RIS).

12:17 - Alex Band's article on the launch of the RIPE NCC Resource Certification Service back in 2011.

13:51 - There are a number of RPKI validators to choose from, including Routinator from NLnet Labs.

17:32 - Here's a nice explainer article on ASPA.

22:07 - Plans to support ASPA and BGPsec router certificates in RIPE NCC Quarterly Planning.

24:42 - Press Release: White House Office of the National Cyber Director Releases Roadmap to Enhance Internet Routing Security.

26:47 - More on Dutch government measures for ensuring RPKI coverage.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Developing the DNS Under Pressure

Mon, 02 Sep 2024 11:27:46 GMT

Being at the core of the Internet places the DNS under a lot of pressure. New forms of DNS abuse emerge each year, disputes over domain names persist, and all the while, the Internet just keeps getting bigger. Mikhail Anisimov from ICANN talks about the coordinated effort involved in meeting these challenges and shares his views on DNS in Central Asia.

As one of the organisations at the core of the Internet that works to coordinate the supply of Internet numbers and domain names, ICANN plays a vital role in helping to support and develop the DNS. Our guest Mikhail has been ICANN’s Stakeholder Engagement Senior Manager for Eastern Europe and Central Asia since 2020, so we thought who better to talk to about DNS, DNSSEC, and its ongoing development in Central Asia.

Show notes:

02:18 - Wikipedia entry on DNS

03:30 - You can learn lots about ICANN on their website

04:10 – There’s a list of all the root DNS servers and their operators on the IANA website. The RIPE NCC operates K-root.

05:12 – Statdns has this useful list of DNS related RFCs

08:40 – New gTLD program

09:10 – FAQ on the next round of the new gTLD

15:30 - The 8th Central Asian Internet Governance Forum took place on 21-22 June 2024.

15:51 – ICANN’s Domain Name Security Threat Information Collection and Reporting (DNSTICR) project

16:02 - …and the broader Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) project

19:07 - Calling Time on DNSSEC by Geoff Huston

22:19 – Dan Kaminsky in the Internet Hall of Fame

28:00 – ICANN page on DNSSEC

33:21 – The next Central Asia Peering and Interconnection Forum, CAPIF 3, takes place in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, from 24-25 September 2024.

40:42 – Read Chris Buckridge’s Fragmentation: Still the Internet's Big Bad here on RIPE Labs.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Defining a Responsible Internet

Fri, 28 Jun 2024 13:49:57 GMT

For many, the Internet is essentially a black box. We connect with endpoints to send and receive data, but we have little insight into what happens in between. Dr Paola Grosso talks about how the CATRIN project seeks to provide more visibility and control so we can make more responsible decisions on how we traverse the Internet.

Show notes:

02:17 – Paola’s UvA profile

04:21 – CATRIN project homepage

04:44 – UPIN project announcement

06:00 – Partners in the CATRIN project are listed at the bottom of the project homepage

09:29 – The ‘main paper’ on the responsible Internet that we talk about is the article in the Journal of Network and Systems Management. There’s also a series of posts about CATRIN on the SIDN Labs blog.

24:12 – See more on the Waag’s role in CATRIN

26:05 – Read up on the latest developments in MANRS.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

From Academia to Internet: Pioneers of EARN, NSFNET and RIPE

Mon, 20 May 2024 10:32:52 GMT

In this episode of the RIPE Labs podcast, three Internet pioneers talk about how they helped grow the Internet out of its early infancy, back when its purpose - and much of the excitement around its development - lay in the promise of connecting researchers from around the world.

___

Show notes:

00:03:22 - Daniel Karrenberg about the EUnet, the first pan-European Internet Service Provider (ISP)

00:11:18 - Dennis Jennings about his first encounter with networking and the birth EARN

00:17:40 - Daniele Bovio on the first international routing tables received via EARN and BITNET

00:22:48 - Daniel Karrenberg on Email gateways, email being the one application that worked across all networks

00:27:06 - The first transatlantic interconnection Daniel operated

00:29:18 - Dennis shares how he built NSFNET

00:32:05 - Dennis on why he decided to use TCP/IP protocol on NSFNET

00:35:39 - Daniel about the birth of RIPE and the need to coordinate IP addresses

00:41:02 - Dennis on designing the national general-purpose network of networks beyond supercomputers and its business model

00:48:29 - Daniele on EBONE, a pan-European Internet backbone

00:56:48 - Daniele on his work at America Online (AOL) and leasing transatlantic capacity

01:12:09 - EARN Panel at SEE 12

01:12:26 - the RIPE Community today

01:14:00 - Dennis Jennings shares top 3 important moments in the Internet history that he has personally overseen

01:21:00 - Daniele Bovio shares top 3 important moments in the Internet history that he has personally overseen

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Internet Privacy and the Cost of Losing Control

Thu, 25 Apr 2024 08:52:19 GMT

Internet users, the companies who sell us our devices, and governments are all caught up in the struggle to protect our privacy. In this episode, Bert Hubert explains how outsourcing and other market forces determine the flow of control over online data and why we need to understand the consequences.

Show notes:

01:00 - PowerDNS

01:04 - I highly recommend Bert’s excellent blog berthub.eu!!

02:42 - Bert on joining TIB (oversight board for the Dutch intelligence and security services)

02:58 - Bert on leaving TIB

03:30 - Reverse Engineering the source code of the BioNTech/Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

03:40 - George Orwell’s Why I Write

05:31 - RIPE NCC’s response to the NIS2 directive

10:00 - Bert talking about End to End Encryption for the European Internet Forum at the European Parliament

14:27 - Trinity college research on scale of data sharing from Android devices

32:31 - More on the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) on RIPE Labs here and here

34:00 - Incidentally, Bert was co-author of RFC 5452

34:50 - Bert and Corrine Cath on SIDN’s decision to outsource some of its services to AWS (in Dutch)

41:10 - Read about recent developments with the US Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act

48:00 - Bert on climate change (again, highly recommended!)

54:30 - Business for geeks at NLNOG

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Starlink and the Future of Low-Orbit Internet

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 07:17:17 GMT

Starlink's megaconstellations deliver broadband Internet to customers around the globe. But while the tech promises to democratise Internet access, it's not always clear how existing protocols and regulations apply beyond the clouds. In this episode, Geoff Huston talks about the future of low-orbit Internet.

Show notes:

02:20 - APNIC Labs Starlink measurements and Geoff’s podcast on LEOs and TCP

08:50 - Geostationary orbit

09:48 - Project Iridium

14:40 - Starlink

29:50 - See more from Geoff on measuring Starlink performance from his talk at RIPE 87

35:45 - Research on Starlink using RIPE Atlas

44:30 - Atmospheric nuclear testing in the 60s

45:00 - NORAD Database of satellites

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Something's Wrong on the Internet

Thu, 29 Feb 2024 18:35:17 GMT

The Internet is hardly foolproof in its design, and whether by accident or on purpose, the people who use and operate it sometimes don't do things they should or do do things they shouldn't. Qasim Lone talks about strange goings on he's investigated and how RIPE Atlas can help researchers in the field.

01:00 - RIPE Atlas

01:53 - SLAC

02:59 - Read Qasim on Why SAV is Still a Problem

04:37 - Other research from Qasim and colleagues on SAV

06:02 - RFCs 2827 and 3704 describe SAV implementation

06:35 - IPv4 lease time article

07:48 - The DNS Root Manipulation article

09:10 - Manu Bretelle's email to DNS-operations mailing list

18:17 - Qasim on 240/4

23:15 - RFC 3330 describes specialised IPv4 address blocks assigned by IANA

29:00 - Listen to our episode on bias in Internet measurements

36:30 - SEE 12 takes place in Athens this April

37:45 - ...and CAPIF 3 is coming up this September!

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Ready or Not - Rethinking Cybersecurity for a Post-Quantum World

Tue, 23 Jan 2024 08:21:02 GMT

Quantum technologies promise all kinds of fascinating possibilities, but they also come with risks. In this episode of the RIPE Labs podcast, André Grilo, founder and CEO of QuantumNova, talks about why we need to start investing in post-quantum cryptography to protect ourselves against post-quantum threats.

01:17 - QuantumNova

05:08 - Shor’s algorithm

11:07 - Post-quantum cryptography

14:02 - NIST selected 4 post-quantum security algorithms

16:00 - EU’s programme to support companies to transition to post-quantum

23:26 - Quantum repeaters to overcome overcome entanglement distribution over long distances

25:10 - Quantum Internet Hackathon

29:28 - AI and Quantum

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Historical Record of the Internet

Thu, 21 Dec 2023 12:29:50 GMT

Understanding outages and shutdowns and how the Internet as a whole came to be vulnerable to, and also resilient against, these kinds of events requires more than a snapshot of the current state affairs. In this episode, Jim Cowie talks about how historical measurement data can help us acquire a better understanding of the Internet.

01:40 - There's a nice, short introduction to Jim and his background right here.

03:11 - RIPE RIS

04:50 - Jim on the 2011 outage in Egypt

07:05 - Jim has since confirmed that the Renesys team was indeed using RIS BGP data since September 2001, though Routeviews remains another invaluable source of BGP data.

12:35 - Jim's presentation at CAPIF1

13:42 - Resilience of the Internet in Ukraine on RIPE Labs

15:30 - Jim on the Rogers Outage over on the Pulse blog

21:43 - Doug Madory on Cuba and the Geopolitics of Submarine Cables

31:30 - GEODE on the RIPE Labs podcast

33:30 - RIPE Atlas

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Frugal Computing for a Sustainable Internet

Mon, 30 Oct 2023 07:43:28 GMT

Anastasiya Pak talks to Professor Wim Vanderbauwhede - lead of the Low Carbon and Sustainable Computing activity at the School of Computing Science of the University of Glasgow - about the carbon footprint of the ICT industry, misleading narratives around digitalisation, and why the notion of frugal computing is needed to move forward.

05:49 – The split of ICT emissions - 54% home, 19% data centres, 27% networks - is taken from the "Carbon impact of video streaming" white paper by the Carbon Trust, 2021.

07:13 – Problems with the claims about emission avoidance through digitalisation are discussed in "Digital Rebound – Why Digitalization Will Not Redeem Us Our Environmental Sins", Vlad C. Coroamă and Friedemann Mattern, 2019.

26:00 - The limited potential for offsetting of emission through biomass is discussed in "There aren’t enough trees in the world to offset society’s carbon emissions – and there never will be", Bonnie Waring, 2023.

34:37 – Wim discusses the notion of Frugal Computing in more detail in in his position paper "Frugal computing – On the need for low-carbon and sustainable computing and the path towards zero-carbon computing". A more academic version is available here.

37:09 - The potential for efficiency gains through better software is discussed in "There’s plenty of room at the Top: What will drive computer performance after Moore’s law?", Charles E. Leiserson et al.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Mapping the Geopolitical Internet

Tue, 01 Aug 2023 07:47:00 GMT

Mapping the dialectical relationship between the Internet and rivalries of power and influence across territories calls on expertise from a variety of disciplines. On the RIPE Labs Podcast, Louis Pétiniaud discusses how he and colleagues at GEODE are investigating the geopolitical Internet.

01:14 - The GEODE website where you can also find a list of researchers at the GEODE center

01:24 – Here's the most recent article from the GEODE team on RIPE Labs (runner up in the RIPE Labs article competition for RIPE 86)

01:29 – Louis’ presentation at RIPE 86 (video; slides)

01:48 – RIPE Atlas and RIPE RIS

07:23 – Article by Louis and colleagues on mapping the routes of the Internet in Eastern Ukraine

09:53 – Article Louis co-authored on digital routes and borders in the Middle East

14:12 – You can see the visualisations referred to in Louis’s slides from RIPE 86

18:08 – ITU infrastructure connectivity map

21: 54 – Emile Aben, Romain Fontugne, Ksenia Ermoshina on the Internet in Crimea

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

To Serve the Board

Wed, 14 Jun 2023 09:58:17 GMT

What it means to serve as a RIPE NCC Executive Board member has changed dramatically in the twelve years since Christian Kaufmann first took on the role. Gone are the days of quick board meetings over an afternoon cup of coffee. Now – with recent years having seen organisational change, the pandemic, sanctions regulations, and war - the board is increasingly called upon to make decisions that impact not only the future of the RIPE NCC, but people's access to the Internet in countries across the organisation's service region.

In this episode, Anastasiya Pak talks to Christian Kaufmann - who stepped down from the board at RIPE 86 - to find out how he first got involved, what changes he's seen since then, and what it takes to serve on the board today.

01:15 – Watch Christian’s presentation at RIPE 86 where he talks about his time on the board and his decision to step down

05:47 – RIPE NCC Strategy 2022-2026 and RIPE NCC Activity Plan and Budget 2022

06:40 – Axel Pawlik stepped down as RIPE NCC Managing Director in 2019

07:32 – Read more about how sanctions affect the RIPE NCC along with lots of other articles about sanctions on RIPE Labs

08:40 – The RIPE NCC Executive Board approved a resolution on provision of critical services at its meeting on 28 February 2022

11:08 – Hans Petter Holen took on the role of Managing Director of the RIPE NCC on 1 May 2020

11:43 – Ondřej Filip became the new RIPE NCC Executive Board Chair in September 2022

12:36 – RIPE NCC membership mailing lists

13:10 – At the time of publishing, you can still take the RIPE NCC survey 2023

14:35 – RIPE NCC Executive Board functions and expectations

18:54 – RIPE Atlas

20:45 – Sponsor RIPE Atlas

22:08 – Christian joined the ICANN Board of Directors in 2022

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Best Practices for a Resilient Internet in Times of War

Mon, 22 May 2023 10:38:31 GMT

In this episode of the RIPE Labs podcast, we talk about how the war has changed the way the Internet community in Ukraine works, the pressure companies and individuals are under to keep this absolutely vital resource running, and the practices that have been adopted to make sure people stay connected.

16:32 - Voluntary transfer lock policy proposal

20:40 - BCOP TF session at RIPE 86

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In Defence of BGP

Thu, 18 May 2023 08:43:22 GMT

BGP is the Internet's de facto routing protocol - but it's also one with many vulnerabilities and is only deeply understood by a relatively small fraction of people. Delving into the threats posed by misconfigurations and prefix hijacks, Lefteris Manassakis looks at the history and evolution of BGP and discusses the importance of mitigation, monitoring and detection as provided by ARTEMIS and CodeBGP.

00:51 - ARTEMIS is a system that enables network operators to monitor, detect and mitigate the effects of BGP prefix hijacking events. Read up on ARTEMIS on RIPE Labs or read other blog posts and academic papers on the ARTEMIS website.

01:00 - Code BGP

01:07 - Lefteris presenting on CodeBGP at RIPE 85

04:10 - An example of other research from Lefteris and Fontas.

04:42 - BGP version 1 in RFC 1105

04:50 - BGP version 4 in RFC 4271

07:21 - A profile on Christos Papadimitriou

08:18 - OSPF

16:22 - The ARTEMIS paper

17:11 - Stable Internet Routing Without Global Coordination by Lixin Gao and Jennifer Rexford

19:22 - RFC 7908

21:40 - Rogers outage

26:38 - Sharon Goldberg and others on the use of maxlength in RPKI.

27:57 - RFC 9319

34:00 - RIPE NCC Community Projects Fund

35:00 - The Code BGP team

41:10 - RIS Live

48:33 - MANRS and Code BGP

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

How Sanctions Obstruct Access to the Internet

Wed, 21 Dec 2022 10:52:08 GMT

Economic sanctions have a very clear but complicated impact on people's access to the global Internet. In this episode, I talk to Dr Farzaneh Badiei from Digital Medusa about how sanctions obstruct access to the Internet.

01:25 - Read this article from Chris Buckridge announcing the independent research project on sanctions to be carried out by Digital Medusa.

01:50 - Full recording of the session at RIPE 85.

02:30 - Go check out Digital Medusa.

03:20 - Article on the .ir ccTLD case from 2014.

07:25 - You can read more about how sanctions affect the RIPE NCC in this article from Athina Fragkouli.

15:56 - Freedom Online Coalition

17:52 - RIPE Cooperation Working Group

18:14 - The IGF workshop on sanctions that Farzaneh refers to took place at IGF 2022 in Ethiopia on 30 November.

18:42 - See this article for the sanctions timeline.

18:57 - See the earlier RIPE Labs podcast episode with Kieren McCarthy on Revitalising Internet Governance.

20:25 - Again, see this article from Athina Fragkouli for more on the Dutch MFA's confirmation that IP resources are understood to be economic resources as defined in EU sanctions regulations.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

RIPE IPmap - Geolocating Routes Across the Internet

Tue, 06 Dec 2022 09:11:34 GMT

Geolocation providers usually focus on locating end user devices at the edge of the Internet. But what about the machines that make up the infrastructure in the middle? In this episode, I talk to Chris Amin about RIPE IPmap - an API developed by the RIPE NCC to do geolocate core Internet infrastructure.

The idea behind RIPE IPmap actually goes way back. Emile Aben first presented on it at RIPE 67 in 2013 and there’s an article on RIPE Labs from around the same time. You can see its development over time in this article from Jasper den Hertog and this article from Massimo Candela written during their time at the RIPE NCC.

Go check out RIPE IPmap!

01:08 - RIPE Atlas

09:20 - For those wondering, why two thirds the speed of light?

11:25 - More on PTR records

13:49 - Article on Hoiho authored by Matthew Luckie and colleagues

15:57 - PeeringDB

18:40 - RIPE Atlas probe map

25:45 - RIPE IPmap landing page and the API

28:04 - GeoNames and Natural Earth

34:10 - RIPE IPmap Active Geolocation: Mechanism and Performance Evaluation

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Internet in Central Asia

Thu, 03 Nov 2022 13:01:01 GMT

Although the state of the Internet in Central Asia is in some ways diverse across the region, certain shared geographical, political, and technical factors create unique challenges for local Internet communities. Ahead of the first Central Asia Peering and Interconnection Forum (CAPIF 1), we caught up with Shavkat Sabirov to talk about digitalisation in the region and the need to form a Central Asian Internet community.

Shavkat Sabirov is President of the non-profit Association of legal entities The Internet Association of Kazakhstan. He has broad knowledge and experience in Internet Governance and Cybersecurity, the ICT field and Internet business. Shavkat is a member of NCUC ICANN, a consultant at the OSCE and the NGO branch of the UN ECOSOC, and a host of such events as the previous Regional Meeting of the RIPE NCC in Almaty. He is also a member of the Public Council of the Ministry of Information and Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a member of the ICT Committee of the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Atameken", where he acts as an expert in the security studies, digital technologies and cyberspace.

====

01:46 – About Central Asia

05:07 – Central Asia Country Report and digitalisation in Central Asia

09:42 – Digital gap during the COVID-19 outbreak

12:01 – The role of the government in accelerating digitalisation

13:21 – Presentation by Halil Ibrahim on how to cover remote villages with the Internet

15:37 –The Interconnected Region panel and national telecom operators

26:14 – CAPIF 1

28:57 – Deployment of IPv6 in Central Asia

33:05 – UNESCO’s Internet ROAM-X Indicators Project

Interested in the Central Asian Internet community? Read this article about the RIPE NCC Days Tashkent and register for CAPIF 1.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

RIPE - Coordination in the Space Between the Networks

Thu, 20 Oct 2022 10:53:48 GMT

At start of the 90s, a small group of people came together to make sure that the numbering system that allows computers to connect with each other over the Internet would remain stable. One those people was Mirjam Kühne, now RIPE Chair. In this episode, Mirjam talks about the beginnings of the RIPE community and new challenges it faces today.

1:06 – More about RIPE

4:18 – Meet the New RIPE Chair

5:16 – Daniel Karrenberg on the first hours of the RIPE NCC

8:00 – A Tribute to Rob Blokzijl

9:35 – RIPE Working Groups

11:10 – ripe-001

13:07 – Chris Buckridge on RIPE principles

17:43 – RIPE NCC service region

18:13 – NIS 2

19:46 – RIPE Atlas

22:40 – Meetecho at RIPE Meetings

26:15 – ENOG

27:38 – CAPIF 1

28:30 – Network Operator Groups (NOGs) on RIPE Labs

32:28 – RIPE Cooperation Working Group

33:15 – Kieran McCarthy on the RIPE Labs podcast

35:51 – Measuring Damage on the Internet and Keep Ukraine Connected

39:00 – Franziska Lichtblau, RIPE PC Chair

39:37 – RIPE 85

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Case for Revitalising Internet Governance

Wed, 27 Jul 2022 08:33:12 GMT

Are the organisations that form the Internet governance ecosystem failing to rise to new challenges the modern Internet has created? And if so, what steps need to be taken in order to revitalise Internet governance? Joining me to discuss these issues in depth are Kieren McCarthy (journalist and Internet governance expert) and Chris Buckridge (Advisor to the RIPE NCC Managing Director on issues of Global Strategic Engagement and member of the IGF's multistakeholder advisory group).

00:37 - Revitalising Global Internet Governance, by Kieren McCarthy

06:09 - Sessions and policy outcomes from ICANN 74

08:36 - More on the Internet Governance Forum (IGF); also check out this article from Chris on this year’s IGF event

13:35 - World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)

15:34 - International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

16:05 - International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

18:07 - A useful Q&A on New IP from ISOC

20:16 - RIPE Cooperation Working Group

21:01 - RIPE Accountability Task Force

21:05 - The IANA Stewardship Transition

21:23 - Chris on RIPE Principles

21:30 - Properties of Today's and Tomorrow's Internet at RIPE 84 (video)

24:27 - More on NIS 2 on RIPE Labs and a more recent update in the RIPE Cooperation WG archives

39:18 - RIPE IoT Working Group

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Revealing Bias in Internet Measurements

Wed, 29 Jun 2022 10:31:34 GMT

The analysis Pavlos and his colleagues are carrying out is part of the AI4NetMon project that aims to deliver methods for reducing biased findings from Internet measurement infrastructures. The platforms under investigation include RIPE NCC operated services RIPE RIS, RIPE Atlas, RIPEstat and also RouteViews.

01:20 - Pavlos's winning article on Bias in Internet Measurement Infrastructures

01:37 - About the Data and Science Laboratory (DataLab)

02:53 - More on the RIPE Routing Information Service (RIS)

04:10 - Robert talking about RIPE Atlas in Episode 3

19:46 - Watch Pavlos's presentation at RIPE 84

20:20 - Other data sources Pavlos and his colleagues are using: CAIDA’s AS-rank, PeeringDB, Internet Health Report (AS-hegemony), and bgp.tools.

22:15 - Read more about RACI support for AI4NetMon

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Approaching the RIPE Gender Data Gap

Thu, 09 Jun 2022 08:17:30 GMT

Measuring the gender data gap isn't always easy, but getting a clearer picture of where we're at is important. At RIPE 84, Anastasiya Pak caught up with Shane Kerr to talk more about measuring the gender gap at RIPE Meetings. In this episode, they discuss the goals and challenges around attempts to understand the RIPE gender data gap.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

RIPE Atlas: A Distributed View of the Internet

Tue, 17 May 2022 12:42:28 GMT

Twelve years ago the RIPE NCC set out to build the largest Internet measurement network ever made. Today, RIPE Atlas gives users an unprecedented understanding of the state of the Internet. I caught up with Robert Kisteleki (R&D Manager, RIPE NCC) to talk about how RIPE Atlas has developed thanks to the efforts of the community. (Watch the video on Youtube.)

RIPE Atlas website

RIPE Atlas on RIPE Labs

02:53 - RIPE Atlas probe map

03:10 - HTTP, DNS, NTP measurements

03:57 - RIPE Atlas architecture

06:54 - RIPE Atlas data: API, Google BigQuery, daily archives

08:48 - RIPE Atlas software probes

14:50 - APNIC dataset on network providers

15:20 - Bias in Internet Measurement Infrastructure

19:05 - RIPE Atlas community

21:36 - RIPE Atlas sponsorship

23:09 - RIPE Atlas Anchors

25:20 - Data disconnects

26:20 - Outage reporting

26:40 - Looking inside outages with RIPE Atlas

28:34 - RIPE NCC Country Reports

28:55 - RIPE IPmap

30:19 - Dataplane article

Music: bensound.com

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Keep Ukraine Connected

Wed, 27 Apr 2022 08:15:04 GMT

The Global NOG Alliance is actively working to help keep the Ukrainian Internet connected. On 13 April, they delivered their first shipment of vital hardware into the country. I caught up with the team to talk about how the first delivery went, how this got started, and what's coming next.

You can watch the full video of this episode over on RIPE Labs.

Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Measuring Damage on the Internet

Wed, 06 Apr 2022 14:57:26 GMT

In the first episode of the RIPE Labs podcast, Emile Aben, Senior Research Engineer at the RIPE NCC, shares his views on the importance of efforts to keep the Internet 'lit' by turning data from such sources as RIPE Atlas and RIPE RIS into visualisations that can help network operators understand what's going on when parts of the Internet get damaged.

The RIPE NCC is not liable for the views and perspectives expressed by speakers. Check out acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

1:10 - Emile's profile on RIPE Labs

2:32 - Analysis of Country-wide Internet Outages Caused by Censorship

2:58 - RIPE Atlas, RIS

4:32 - BGP Alerter

4:40 - RIS Live

5:25 - RIPEstat

5:47 - Hurricane Electric BGP Toolkit, BGP.Tools

5:53 - IODA

6:25 - Internet Health Report

7:35 - The RIPE Labs Article Competition

8:08 - The Ukrainian Internet, The Resilience of the Internet in Ukraine